// Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "media/cast/sender/performance_metrics_overlay.h"

#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <string>

#include "base/bind.h"
#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
#include "base/strings/stringprintf.h"
#include "media/base/video_frame.h"

namespace media {
namespace cast {

namespace {

constexpr int kScale = 4;             // Physical pixels per one logical pixel.
constexpr int kCharacterWidth = 3;    // Logical pixel width of one character.
constexpr int kCharacterHeight = 5;   // Logical pixel height of one character.
constexpr int kCharacterSpacing = 1;  // Logical pixels between each character.
constexpr int kLineSpacing = 2;  // Logical pixels between each line of chars.
constexpr int kPlane = 0;        // Y-plane in YUV formats.

// For each pixel in the |rect| (logical coordinates), either decrease the
// intensity or increase it so that the resulting pixel has a perceivably
// different value than it did before.  |p_ul| is a pointer to the pixel at
// coordinate (0,0) in a single-channel 8bpp bitmap.  |stride| is the number of
// bytes per row in the output bitmap.
void DivergePixels(const gfx::Rect& rect, uint8_t* p_ul, int stride) {
  DCHECK(p_ul);
  DCHECK_GT(stride, 0);

  // These constants and heuristics were chosen based on experimenting with a
  // wide variety of content, and converging on a readable result.  The amount
  // by which the darker pixels are changed is less because each unit of change
  // has a larger visual impact on the darker end of the spectrum.  Each pixel's
  // intensity value is changed as follows:
  //
  //    [16,31] --> [32,63]   (always a difference of +16)
  //    [32,64] --> 16        (a difference between -16 and -48)
  //   [65,235] --> [17,187]  (always a difference of -48)
  const int kDivergeDownThreshold = 32;
  const int kDivergeDownAmount = 48;
  const int kDivergeUpAmount = 32;
  const int kMinIntensity = 16;

  const int top = rect.y() * kScale;
  const int bottom = rect.bottom() * kScale;
  const int left = rect.x() * kScale;
  const int right = rect.right() * kScale;
  for (int y = top; y < bottom; ++y) {
    uint8_t* const p_l = p_ul + y * stride;
    for (int x = left; x < right; ++x) {
      int intensity = p_l[x];
      if (intensity >= kDivergeDownThreshold)
        intensity = std::max(kMinIntensity, intensity - kDivergeDownAmount);
      else
        intensity += kDivergeUpAmount;
      p_l[x] = static_cast<uint8_t>(intensity);
    }
  }
}

// Render |line| into |frame| at physical pixel row |top| and aligned to the
// right edge.  Only number digits and a smattering of punctuation characters
// will be rendered.
void RenderLineOfText(const std::string& line, int top, VideoFrame* frame) {
  // Compute number of physical pixels wide the rendered |line| would be,
  // including padding.
  const int line_width =
      (((kCharacterWidth + kCharacterSpacing) * static_cast<int>(line.size())) +
           kCharacterSpacing) * kScale;

  // Determine if any characters would render past the left edge of the frame,
  // and compute the index of the first character to be rendered.
  const int pixels_per_char = (kCharacterWidth + kCharacterSpacing) * kScale;
  const size_t first_idx = (line_width < frame->visible_rect().width()) ? 0u :
      static_cast<size_t>(
          ((line_width - frame->visible_rect().width()) / pixels_per_char) + 1);

  // Compute the pointer to the pixel at the upper-left corner of the first
  // character to be rendered.
  const int stride = frame->stride(kPlane);
  uint8_t* p_ul =
      // Start at the first pixel in the first row...
      frame->visible_data(kPlane) + (stride * top)
      // ...now move to the right edge of the visible part of the frame...
      + frame->visible_rect().width()
      // ...now move left to where line[0] would be rendered...
      - line_width
      // ...now move right to where line[first_idx] would be rendered.
      + first_idx * pixels_per_char;

  // Render each character.
  for (size_t i = first_idx; i < line.size(); ++i, p_ul += pixels_per_char) {
    switch (line[i]) {
      case '0':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 1, 1, 3), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 3), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '1':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 0, 1, 5), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '2':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '3':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '4':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 1, 2), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 0, 1, 5), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 2, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '5':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '6':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 0, 2, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '7':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 2), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 3, 1, 2), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '8':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '9':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 2, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case 'e':
      case 'E':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 2, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 4, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '.':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 4, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '+':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        FALLTHROUGH;
      case '-':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 2, 3, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case 'x':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 2, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case ':':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '!':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 0, 1, 3), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 4, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case '%':
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 0, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 1, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(1, 2, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(0, 3, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        DivergePixels(gfx::Rect(2, 4, 1, 1), p_ul, stride);
        break;
      case ' ':
      default:
        break;
    }
  }
}

}  // namespace

scoped_refptr<VideoFrame> MaybeRenderPerformanceMetricsOverlay(
    base::TimeDelta target_playout_delay,
    bool in_low_latency_mode,
    int target_bitrate,
    int frames_ago,
    double encoder_utilization,
    double lossy_utilization,
    scoped_refptr<VideoFrame> source) {
  if (!VLOG_IS_ON(1))
    return source;

  if (VideoFrame::PlaneHorizontalBitsPerPixel(source->format(), kPlane) != 8) {
    DLOG(WARNING) << "Cannot render overlay: Plane " << kPlane << " not 8bpp.";
    return source;
  }

  // Can't read from unmappable memory (DmaBuf, CVPixelBuffer).
  if (!source->IsMappable()) {
    DVLOG(2) << "Cannot render overlay: frame uses unmappable memory.";
    return source;
  }

  // Compute the physical pixel top row for the bottom-most line of text.
  const int line_height = (kCharacterHeight + kLineSpacing) * kScale;
  int top = source->visible_rect().height() - line_height;
  if (top < 0)
    return source;  // No pixels would change: Return source frame.

  // Allocate a new frame, identical in configuration to |source| and copy over
  // all data and metadata.
  const scoped_refptr<VideoFrame> frame = VideoFrame::CreateFrame(
      source->format(), source->coded_size(), source->visible_rect(),
      source->natural_size(), source->timestamp());
  if (!frame)
    return source;  // Allocation failure: Return source frame.
  for (size_t plane = 0, num_planes = VideoFrame::NumPlanes(source->format());
       plane < num_planes; ++plane) {
    const size_t row_count = VideoFrame::Rows(plane, source->format(),
                                              source->visible_rect().height());
    const size_t bytes_per_row = VideoFrame::RowBytes(
        plane, source->format(), source->visible_rect().width());
    const uint8_t* src = source->visible_data(plane);
    const int src_stride = source->stride(plane);
    uint8_t* dst = frame->visible_data(plane);
    const int dst_stride = frame->stride(plane);
    for (size_t row = 0; row < row_count;
         ++row, src += src_stride, dst += dst_stride) {
      memcpy(dst, src, bytes_per_row);
    }
  }
  frame->metadata().MergeMetadataFrom(source->metadata());
  // Important: After all consumers are done with the frame, copy-back the
  // changed/new metadata to the source frame, as it contains feedback signals
  // that need to propagate back up the video stack. The destruction callback
  // for the |frame| holds a ref-counted reference to the source frame to ensure
  // the source frame has the right metadata before its destruction observers
  // are invoked.
  frame->AddDestructionObserver(base::BindOnce(
      [](const VideoFrameMetadata& sent_frame_metadata,
         scoped_refptr<VideoFrame> source_frame) {
        source_frame->set_metadata(sent_frame_metadata);
      },
      frame->metadata(), std::move(source)));

  // Line 3: Frame duration, resolution, and timestamp.
  int frame_duration_ms = 0;
  int frame_duration_ms_frac = 0;
  if (frame->metadata().frame_duration.has_value()) {
    const int decimilliseconds = base::saturated_cast<int>(
        frame->metadata().frame_duration->InMicroseconds() / 100.0 + 0.5);
    frame_duration_ms = decimilliseconds / 10;
    frame_duration_ms_frac = decimilliseconds % 10;
  }
  base::TimeDelta rem = frame->timestamp();
  const int minutes = rem.InMinutes();
  rem -= base::Minutes(minutes);
  const int seconds = static_cast<int>(rem.InSeconds());
  rem -= base::Seconds(seconds);
  const int hundredth_seconds = static_cast<int>(rem.InMilliseconds() / 10);
  RenderLineOfText(
      base::StringPrintf("%d.%01d %dx%d %d:%02d.%02d", frame_duration_ms,
                         frame_duration_ms_frac, frame->visible_rect().width(),
                         frame->visible_rect().height(), minutes, seconds,
                         hundredth_seconds),
      top, frame.get());

  // Move up one line's worth of pixels.
  top -= line_height;
  if (top < 0 || !VLOG_IS_ON(2))
    return frame;

  // Line 2: Capture duration, target playout delay, low-latency mode, and
  // target bitrate.
  int capture_duration_ms = 0;
  if (frame->metadata().capture_begin_time &&
      frame->metadata().capture_end_time) {
    capture_duration_ms =
        base::saturated_cast<int>((*frame->metadata().capture_end_time -
                                   *frame->metadata().capture_begin_time)
                                      .InMillisecondsF() +
                                  0.5);
  }
  const int target_playout_delay_ms =
      static_cast<int>(target_playout_delay.InMillisecondsF() + 0.5);
  const int target_kbits = target_bitrate / 1000;
  RenderLineOfText(
      base::StringPrintf("%d %4.1d%c %4.1d", capture_duration_ms,
                         target_playout_delay_ms,
                         in_low_latency_mode ? '!' : '.', target_kbits),
      top, frame.get());

  // Move up one line's worth of pixels.
  top -= line_height;
  if (top < 0 || !VLOG_IS_ON(3))
    return frame;

  // Line 1: Recent utilization metrics.
  const int encoder_pct =
      base::saturated_cast<int>(encoder_utilization * 100.0 + 0.5);
  const int lossy_pct =
      base::saturated_cast<int>(lossy_utilization * 100.0 + 0.5);
  RenderLineOfText(base::StringPrintf("%d %3.1d%% %3.1d%%", frames_ago,
                                      encoder_pct, lossy_pct),
                   top, frame.get());

  return frame;
}

}  // namespace cast
}  // namespace media