Import Cobalt 19.master.0.203780
Includes the following patches:
https://cobalt-review.googlesource.com/c/cobalt/+/5210
by errong.leng@samsung.com
https://cobalt-review.googlesource.com/c/cobalt/+/5270
by linus.wang@samsung.com
diff --git a/src/third_party/web_platform_tests/webaudio/js/lodash.js b/src/third_party/web_platform_tests/webaudio/js/lodash.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3813d2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/third_party/web_platform_tests/webaudio/js/lodash.js
@@ -0,0 +1,4282 @@
+/*!
+ * Lo-Dash 0.10.0 <http://lodash.com>
+ * (c) 2012 John-David Dalton <http://allyoucanleet.com/>
+ * Based on Underscore.js 1.4.2 <http://underscorejs.org>
+ * (c) 2009-2012 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
+ * Available under MIT license <http://lodash.com/license>
+ */
+;(function(window, undefined) {
+
+ /** Detect free variable `exports` */
+ var freeExports = typeof exports == 'object' && exports;
+
+ /** Detect free variable `global` and use it as `window` */
+ var freeGlobal = typeof global == 'object' && global;
+ if (freeGlobal.global === freeGlobal) {
+ window = freeGlobal;
+ }
+
+ /** Used for array and object method references */
+ var arrayRef = [],
+ // avoid a Closure Compiler bug by creatively creating an object
+ objectRef = new function(){};
+
+ /** Used to generate unique IDs */
+ var idCounter = 0;
+
+ /** Used internally to indicate various things */
+ var indicatorObject = objectRef;
+
+ /** Used by `cachedContains` as the default size when optimizations are enabled for large arrays */
+ var largeArraySize = 30;
+
+ /** Used to restore the original `_` reference in `noConflict` */
+ var oldDash = window._;
+
+ /** Used to detect template delimiter values that require a with-statement */
+ var reComplexDelimiter = /[-?+=!~*%&^<>|{(\/]|\[\D|\b(?:delete|in|instanceof|new|typeof|void)\b/;
+
+ /** Used to match HTML entities */
+ var reEscapedHtml = /&(?:amp|lt|gt|quot|#x27);/g;
+
+ /** Used to match empty string literals in compiled template source */
+ var reEmptyStringLeading = /\b__p \+= '';/g,
+ reEmptyStringMiddle = /\b(__p \+=) '' \+/g,
+ reEmptyStringTrailing = /(__e\(.*?\)|\b__t\)) \+\n'';/g;
+
+ /** Used to match regexp flags from their coerced string values */
+ var reFlags = /\w*$/;
+
+ /** Used to insert the data object variable into compiled template source */
+ var reInsertVariable = /(?:__e|__t = )\(\s*(?![\d\s"']|this\.)/g;
+
+ /** Used to detect if a method is native */
+ var reNative = RegExp('^' +
+ (objectRef.valueOf + '')
+ .replace(/[.*+?^=!:${}()|[\]\/\\]/g, '\\$&')
+ .replace(/valueOf|for [^\]]+/g, '.+?') + '$'
+ );
+
+ /**
+ * Used to match ES6 template delimiters
+ * http://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-7.8.6
+ */
+ var reEsTemplate = /\$\{((?:(?=\\?)\\?[\s\S])*?)}/g;
+
+ /** Used to match "interpolate" template delimiters */
+ var reInterpolate = /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g;
+
+ /** Used to ensure capturing order of template delimiters */
+ var reNoMatch = /($^)/;
+
+ /** Used to match HTML characters */
+ var reUnescapedHtml = /[&<>"']/g;
+
+ /** Used to match unescaped characters in compiled string literals */
+ var reUnescapedString = /['\n\r\t\u2028\u2029\\]/g;
+
+ /** Used to fix the JScript [[DontEnum]] bug */
+ var shadowed = [
+ 'constructor', 'hasOwnProperty', 'isPrototypeOf', 'propertyIsEnumerable',
+ 'toLocaleString', 'toString', 'valueOf'
+ ];
+
+ /** Used to make template sourceURLs easier to identify */
+ var templateCounter = 0;
+
+ /** Native method shortcuts */
+ var ceil = Math.ceil,
+ concat = arrayRef.concat,
+ floor = Math.floor,
+ getPrototypeOf = reNative.test(getPrototypeOf = Object.getPrototypeOf) && getPrototypeOf,
+ hasOwnProperty = objectRef.hasOwnProperty,
+ push = arrayRef.push,
+ propertyIsEnumerable = objectRef.propertyIsEnumerable,
+ slice = arrayRef.slice,
+ toString = objectRef.toString;
+
+ /* Native method shortcuts for methods with the same name as other `lodash` methods */
+ var nativeBind = reNative.test(nativeBind = slice.bind) && nativeBind,
+ nativeIsArray = reNative.test(nativeIsArray = Array.isArray) && nativeIsArray,
+ nativeIsFinite = window.isFinite,
+ nativeIsNaN = window.isNaN,
+ nativeKeys = reNative.test(nativeKeys = Object.keys) && nativeKeys,
+ nativeMax = Math.max,
+ nativeMin = Math.min,
+ nativeRandom = Math.random;
+
+ /** `Object#toString` result shortcuts */
+ var argsClass = '[object Arguments]',
+ arrayClass = '[object Array]',
+ boolClass = '[object Boolean]',
+ dateClass = '[object Date]',
+ funcClass = '[object Function]',
+ numberClass = '[object Number]',
+ objectClass = '[object Object]',
+ regexpClass = '[object RegExp]',
+ stringClass = '[object String]';
+
+ /**
+ * Detect the JScript [[DontEnum]] bug:
+ *
+ * In IE < 9 an objects own properties, shadowing non-enumerable ones, are
+ * made non-enumerable as well.
+ */
+ var hasDontEnumBug;
+
+ /** Detect if own properties are iterated after inherited properties (IE < 9) */
+ var iteratesOwnLast;
+
+ /**
+ * Detect if `Array#shift` and `Array#splice` augment array-like objects
+ * incorrectly:
+ *
+ * Firefox < 10, IE compatibility mode, and IE < 9 have buggy Array `shift()`
+ * and `splice()` functions that fail to remove the last element, `value[0]`,
+ * of array-like objects even though the `length` property is set to `0`.
+ * The `shift()` method is buggy in IE 8 compatibility mode, while `splice()`
+ * is buggy regardless of mode in IE < 9 and buggy in compatibility mode in IE 9.
+ */
+ var hasObjectSpliceBug = (hasObjectSpliceBug = { '0': 1, 'length': 1 },
+ arrayRef.splice.call(hasObjectSpliceBug, 0, 1), hasObjectSpliceBug[0]);
+
+ /** Detect if an `arguments` object's indexes are non-enumerable (IE < 9) */
+ var noArgsEnum = true;
+
+ (function() {
+ var props = [];
+ function ctor() { this.x = 1; }
+ ctor.prototype = { 'valueOf': 1, 'y': 1 };
+ for (var prop in new ctor) { props.push(prop); }
+ for (prop in arguments) { noArgsEnum = !prop; }
+
+ hasDontEnumBug = !/valueOf/.test(props);
+ iteratesOwnLast = props[0] != 'x';
+ }(1));
+
+ /** Detect if an `arguments` object's [[Class]] is unresolvable (Firefox < 4, IE < 9) */
+ var noArgsClass = !isArguments(arguments);
+
+ /** Detect if `Array#slice` cannot be used to convert strings to arrays (Opera < 10.52) */
+ var noArraySliceOnStrings = slice.call('x')[0] != 'x';
+
+ /**
+ * Detect lack of support for accessing string characters by index:
+ *
+ * IE < 8 can't access characters by index and IE 8 can only access
+ * characters by index on string literals.
+ */
+ var noCharByIndex = ('x'[0] + Object('x')[0]) != 'xx';
+
+ /**
+ * Detect if a node's [[Class]] is unresolvable (IE < 9)
+ * and that the JS engine won't error when attempting to coerce an object to
+ * a string without a `toString` property value of `typeof` "function".
+ */
+ try {
+ var noNodeClass = ({ 'toString': 0 } + '', toString.call(window.document || 0) == objectClass);
+ } catch(e) { }
+
+ /* Detect if `Function#bind` exists and is inferred to be fast (all but V8) */
+ var isBindFast = nativeBind && /\n|Opera/.test(nativeBind + toString.call(window.opera));
+
+ /* Detect if `Object.keys` exists and is inferred to be fast (IE, Opera, V8) */
+ var isKeysFast = nativeKeys && /^.+$|true/.test(nativeKeys + !!window.attachEvent);
+
+ /**
+ * Detect if sourceURL syntax is usable without erroring:
+ *
+ * The JS engine in Adobe products, like InDesign, will throw a syntax error
+ * when it encounters a single line comment beginning with the `@` symbol.
+ *
+ * The JS engine in Narwhal will generate the function `function anonymous(){//}`
+ * and throw a syntax error.
+ *
+ * Avoid comments beginning `@` symbols in IE because they are part of its
+ * non-standard conditional compilation support.
+ * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/121hztk3(v=vs.94).aspx
+ */
+ try {
+ var useSourceURL = (Function('//@')(), !window.attachEvent);
+ } catch(e) { }
+
+ /** Used to identify object classifications that `_.clone` supports */
+ var cloneableClasses = {};
+ cloneableClasses[argsClass] = cloneableClasses[funcClass] = false;
+ cloneableClasses[arrayClass] = cloneableClasses[boolClass] = cloneableClasses[dateClass] =
+ cloneableClasses[numberClass] = cloneableClasses[objectClass] = cloneableClasses[regexpClass] =
+ cloneableClasses[stringClass] = true;
+
+ /** Used to determine if values are of the language type Object */
+ var objectTypes = {
+ 'boolean': false,
+ 'function': true,
+ 'object': true,
+ 'number': false,
+ 'string': false,
+ 'undefined': false
+ };
+
+ /** Used to escape characters for inclusion in compiled string literals */
+ var stringEscapes = {
+ '\\': '\\',
+ "'": "'",
+ '\n': 'n',
+ '\r': 'r',
+ '\t': 't',
+ '\u2028': 'u2028',
+ '\u2029': 'u2029'
+ };
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * The `lodash` function.
+ *
+ * @name _
+ * @constructor
+ * @category Chaining
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to wrap in a `lodash` instance.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns a `lodash` instance.
+ */
+ function lodash(value) {
+ // exit early if already wrapped
+ if (value && value.__wrapped__) {
+ return value;
+ }
+ // allow invoking `lodash` without the `new` operator
+ if (!(this instanceof lodash)) {
+ return new lodash(value);
+ }
+ this.__wrapped__ = value;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * By default, the template delimiters used by Lo-Dash are similar to those in
+ * embedded Ruby (ERB). Change the following template settings to use alternative
+ * delimiters.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @type Object
+ */
+ lodash.templateSettings = {
+
+ /**
+ * Used to detect `data` property values to be HTML-escaped.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+ * @type RegExp
+ */
+ 'escape': /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+
+ /**
+ * Used to detect code to be evaluated.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+ * @type RegExp
+ */
+ 'evaluate': /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
+
+ /**
+ * Used to detect `data` property values to inject.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+ * @type RegExp
+ */
+ 'interpolate': reInterpolate,
+
+ /**
+ * Used to reference the data object in the template text.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _.templateSettings
+ * @type String
+ */
+ 'variable': ''
+ };
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * The template used to create iterator functions.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Obect} data The data object used to populate the text.
+ * @returns {String} Returns the interpolated text.
+ */
+ var iteratorTemplate = template(
+ // conditional strict mode
+ '<% if (obj.useStrict) { %>\'use strict\';\n<% } %>' +
+
+ // the `iteratee` may be reassigned by the `top` snippet
+ 'var index, value, iteratee = <%= firstArg %>, ' +
+ // assign the `result` variable an initial value
+ 'result = <%= firstArg %>;\n' +
+ // exit early if the first argument is falsey
+ 'if (!<%= firstArg %>) return result;\n' +
+ // add code before the iteration branches
+ '<%= top %>;\n' +
+
+ // array-like iteration:
+ '<% if (arrayLoop) { %>' +
+ 'var length = iteratee.length; index = -1;\n' +
+ 'if (typeof length == \'number\') {' +
+
+ // add support for accessing string characters by index if needed
+ ' <% if (noCharByIndex) { %>\n' +
+ ' if (isString(iteratee)) {\n' +
+ ' iteratee = iteratee.split(\'\')\n' +
+ ' }' +
+ ' <% } %>\n' +
+
+ // iterate over the array-like value
+ ' while (++index < length) {\n' +
+ ' value = iteratee[index];\n' +
+ ' <%= arrayLoop %>\n' +
+ ' }\n' +
+ '}\n' +
+ 'else {' +
+
+ // object iteration:
+ // add support for iterating over `arguments` objects if needed
+ ' <% } else if (noArgsEnum) { %>\n' +
+ ' var length = iteratee.length; index = -1;\n' +
+ ' if (length && isArguments(iteratee)) {\n' +
+ ' while (++index < length) {\n' +
+ ' value = iteratee[index += \'\'];\n' +
+ ' <%= objectLoop %>\n' +
+ ' }\n' +
+ ' } else {' +
+ ' <% } %>' +
+
+ // Firefox < 3.6, Opera > 9.50 - Opera < 11.60, and Safari < 5.1
+ // (if the prototype or a property on the prototype has been set)
+ // incorrectly sets a function's `prototype` property [[Enumerable]]
+ // value to `true`. Because of this Lo-Dash standardizes on skipping
+ // the the `prototype` property of functions regardless of its
+ // [[Enumerable]] value.
+ ' <% if (!hasDontEnumBug) { %>\n' +
+ ' var skipProto = typeof iteratee == \'function\' && \n' +
+ ' propertyIsEnumerable.call(iteratee, \'prototype\');\n' +
+ ' <% } %>' +
+
+ // iterate own properties using `Object.keys` if it's fast
+ ' <% if (isKeysFast && useHas) { %>\n' +
+ ' var ownIndex = -1,\n' +
+ ' ownProps = objectTypes[typeof iteratee] ? nativeKeys(iteratee) : [],\n' +
+ ' length = ownProps.length;\n\n' +
+ ' while (++ownIndex < length) {\n' +
+ ' index = ownProps[ownIndex];\n' +
+ ' <% if (!hasDontEnumBug) { %>if (!(skipProto && index == \'prototype\')) {\n <% } %>' +
+ ' value = iteratee[index];\n' +
+ ' <%= objectLoop %>\n' +
+ ' <% if (!hasDontEnumBug) { %>}\n<% } %>' +
+ ' }' +
+
+ // else using a for-in loop
+ ' <% } else { %>\n' +
+ ' for (index in iteratee) {<%' +
+ ' if (!hasDontEnumBug || useHas) { %>\n if (<%' +
+ ' if (!hasDontEnumBug) { %>!(skipProto && index == \'prototype\')<% }' +
+ ' if (!hasDontEnumBug && useHas) { %> && <% }' +
+ ' if (useHas) { %>hasOwnProperty.call(iteratee, index)<% }' +
+ ' %>) {' +
+ ' <% } %>\n' +
+ ' value = iteratee[index];\n' +
+ ' <%= objectLoop %>;' +
+ ' <% if (!hasDontEnumBug || useHas) { %>\n }<% } %>\n' +
+ ' }' +
+ ' <% } %>' +
+
+ // Because IE < 9 can't set the `[[Enumerable]]` attribute of an
+ // existing property and the `constructor` property of a prototype
+ // defaults to non-enumerable, Lo-Dash skips the `constructor`
+ // property when it infers it's iterating over a `prototype` object.
+ ' <% if (hasDontEnumBug) { %>\n\n' +
+ ' var ctor = iteratee.constructor;\n' +
+ ' <% for (var k = 0; k < 7; k++) { %>\n' +
+ ' index = \'<%= shadowed[k] %>\';\n' +
+ ' if (<%' +
+ ' if (shadowed[k] == \'constructor\') {' +
+ ' %>!(ctor && ctor.prototype === iteratee) && <%' +
+ ' } %>hasOwnProperty.call(iteratee, index)) {\n' +
+ ' value = iteratee[index];\n' +
+ ' <%= objectLoop %>\n' +
+ ' }' +
+ ' <% } %>' +
+ ' <% } %>' +
+ ' <% if (arrayLoop || noArgsEnum) { %>\n}<% } %>\n' +
+
+ // add code to the bottom of the iteration function
+ '<%= bottom %>;\n' +
+ // finally, return the `result`
+ 'return result'
+ );
+
+ /** Reusable iterator options for `assign` and `defaults` */
+ var assignIteratorOptions = {
+ 'args': 'object, source, guard',
+ 'top':
+ 'for (var argsIndex = 1, argsLength = typeof guard == \'number\' ? 2 : arguments.length; argsIndex < argsLength; argsIndex++) {\n' +
+ ' if ((iteratee = arguments[argsIndex])) {',
+ 'objectLoop': 'result[index] = value',
+ 'bottom': ' }\n}'
+ };
+
+ /**
+ * Reusable iterator options shared by `forEach`, `forIn`, and `forOwn`.
+ */
+ var forEachIteratorOptions = {
+ 'args': 'collection, callback, thisArg',
+ 'top': 'callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg)',
+ 'arrayLoop': 'if (callback(value, index, collection) === false) return result',
+ 'objectLoop': 'if (callback(value, index, collection) === false) return result'
+ };
+
+ /** Reusable iterator options for `forIn` and `forOwn` */
+ var forOwnIteratorOptions = {
+ 'arrayLoop': null
+ };
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function optimized to search large arrays for a given `value`,
+ * starting at `fromIndex`, using strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Array} array The array to search.
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to search for.
+ * @param {Number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
+ * @param {Number} [largeSize=30] The length at which an array is considered large.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is found, else `false`.
+ */
+ function cachedContains(array, fromIndex, largeSize) {
+ fromIndex || (fromIndex = 0);
+
+ var length = array.length,
+ isLarge = (length - fromIndex) >= (largeSize || largeArraySize);
+
+ if (isLarge) {
+ var cache = {},
+ index = fromIndex - 1;
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ // manually coerce `value` to a string because `hasOwnProperty`, in some
+ // older versions of Firefox, coerces objects incorrectly
+ var key = array[index] + '';
+ (hasOwnProperty.call(cache, key) ? cache[key] : (cache[key] = [])).push(array[index]);
+ }
+ }
+ return function(value) {
+ if (isLarge) {
+ var key = value + '';
+ return hasOwnProperty.call(cache, key) && indexOf(cache[key], value) > -1;
+ }
+ return indexOf(array, value, fromIndex) > -1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Used by `_.max` and `_.min` as the default `callback` when a given
+ * `collection` is a string value.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {String} value The character to inspect.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns the code unit of given character.
+ */
+ function charAtCallback(value) {
+ return value.charCodeAt(0);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Used by `sortBy` to compare transformed `collection` values, stable sorting
+ * them in ascending order.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Object} a The object to compare to `b`.
+ * @param {Object} b The object to compare to `a`.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns the sort order indicator of `1` or `-1`.
+ */
+ function compareAscending(a, b) {
+ var ai = a.index,
+ bi = b.index;
+
+ a = a.criteria;
+ b = b.criteria;
+
+ // ensure a stable sort in V8 and other engines
+ // http://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=90
+ if (a !== b) {
+ if (a > b || a === undefined) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+ if (a < b || b === undefined) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+ return ai < bi ? -1 : 1;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that, when called, invokes `func` with the `this`
+ * binding of `thisArg` and prepends any `partailArgs` to the arguments passed
+ * to the bound function.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Function|String} func The function to bind or the method name.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
+ * @param {Array} partialArgs An array of arguments to be partially applied.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
+ */
+ function createBound(func, thisArg, partialArgs) {
+ var isFunc = isFunction(func),
+ isPartial = !partialArgs,
+ key = thisArg;
+
+ // juggle arguments
+ if (isPartial) {
+ partialArgs = thisArg;
+ }
+ if (!isFunc) {
+ thisArg = func;
+ }
+
+ function bound() {
+ // `Function#bind` spec
+ // http://es5.github.com/#x15.3.4.5
+ var args = arguments,
+ thisBinding = isPartial ? this : thisArg;
+
+ if (!isFunc) {
+ func = thisArg[key];
+ }
+ if (partialArgs.length) {
+ args = args.length
+ ? partialArgs.concat(slice.call(args))
+ : partialArgs;
+ }
+ if (this instanceof bound) {
+ // get `func` instance if `bound` is invoked in a `new` expression
+ noop.prototype = func.prototype;
+ thisBinding = new noop;
+
+ // mimic the constructor's `return` behavior
+ // http://es5.github.com/#x13.2.2
+ var result = func.apply(thisBinding, args);
+ return isObject(result)
+ ? result
+ : thisBinding
+ }
+ return func.apply(thisBinding, args);
+ }
+ return bound;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Produces an iteration callback bound to an optional `thisArg`. If `func` is
+ * a property name, the callback will return the property value for a given element.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Function|String} [func=identity|property] The function called per
+ * iteration or property name to query.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns a callback function.
+ */
+ function createCallback(func, thisArg) {
+ if (!func) {
+ return identity;
+ }
+ if (typeof func != 'function') {
+ return function(object) {
+ return object[func];
+ };
+ }
+ if (thisArg !== undefined) {
+ return function(value, index, object) {
+ return func.call(thisArg, value, index, object);
+ };
+ }
+ return func;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates compiled iteration functions.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Object} [options1, options2, ...] The compile options object(s).
+ * useHas - A boolean to specify using `hasOwnProperty` checks in the object loop.
+ * args - A string of comma separated arguments the iteration function will accept.
+ * top - A string of code to execute before the iteration branches.
+ * arrayLoop - A string of code to execute in the array loop.
+ * objectLoop - A string of code to execute in the object loop.
+ * bottom - A string of code to execute after the iteration branches.
+ *
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the compiled function.
+ */
+ function createIterator() {
+ var data = {
+ 'arrayLoop': '',
+ 'bottom': '',
+ 'hasDontEnumBug': hasDontEnumBug,
+ 'isKeysFast': isKeysFast,
+ 'objectLoop': '',
+ 'noArgsEnum': noArgsEnum,
+ 'noCharByIndex': noCharByIndex,
+ 'shadowed': shadowed,
+ 'top': '',
+ 'useHas': true
+ };
+
+ // merge options into a template data object
+ for (var object, index = 0; object = arguments[index]; index++) {
+ for (var key in object) {
+ data[key] = object[key];
+ }
+ }
+ var args = data.args;
+ data.firstArg = /^[^,]+/.exec(args)[0];
+
+ // create the function factory
+ var factory = Function(
+ 'createCallback, hasOwnProperty, isArguments, isString, objectTypes, ' +
+ 'nativeKeys, propertyIsEnumerable',
+ 'return function(' + args + ') {\n' + iteratorTemplate(data) + '\n}'
+ );
+ // return the compiled function
+ return factory(
+ createCallback, hasOwnProperty, isArguments, isString, objectTypes,
+ nativeKeys, propertyIsEnumerable
+ );
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Used by `template` to escape characters for inclusion in compiled
+ * string literals.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {String} match The matched character to escape.
+ * @returns {String} Returns the escaped character.
+ */
+ function escapeStringChar(match) {
+ return '\\' + stringEscapes[match];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Used by `escape` to convert characters to HTML entities.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {String} match The matched character to escape.
+ * @returns {String} Returns the escaped character.
+ */
+ function escapeHtmlChar(match) {
+ return htmlEscapes[match];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A no-operation function.
+ *
+ * @private
+ */
+ function noop() {
+ // no operation performed
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Used by `unescape` to convert HTML entities to characters.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {String} match The matched character to unescape.
+ * @returns {String} Returns the unescaped character.
+ */
+ function unescapeHtmlChar(match) {
+ return htmlUnescapes[match];
+ }
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Assigns own enumerable properties of source object(s) to the `destination`
+ * object. Subsequent sources will overwrite propery assignments of previous
+ * sources.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias extend
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+ * @param {Object} [source1, source2, ...] The source objects.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns the destination object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.assign({ 'name': 'moe' }, { 'age': 40 });
+ * // => { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 }
+ */
+ var assign = createIterator(assignIteratorOptions);
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is an `arguments` object.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is an `arguments` object, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * (function() { return _.isArguments(arguments); })(1, 2, 3);
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isArguments([1, 2, 3]);
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function isArguments(value) {
+ return toString.call(value) == argsClass;
+ }
+ // fallback for browsers that can't detect `arguments` objects by [[Class]]
+ if (noArgsClass) {
+ isArguments = function(value) {
+ return value ? hasOwnProperty.call(value, 'callee') : false;
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Iterates over `object`'s own and inherited enumerable properties, executing
+ * the `callback` for each property. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and
+ * invoked with three arguments; (value, key, object). Callbacks may exit iteration
+ * early by explicitly returning `false`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * function Dog(name) {
+ * this.name = name;
+ * }
+ *
+ * Dog.prototype.bark = function() {
+ * alert('Woof, woof!');
+ * };
+ *
+ * _.forIn(new Dog('Dagny'), function(value, key) {
+ * alert(key);
+ * });
+ * // => alerts 'name' and 'bark' (order is not guaranteed)
+ */
+ var forIn = createIterator(forEachIteratorOptions, forOwnIteratorOptions, {
+ 'useHas': false
+ });
+
+ /**
+ * Iterates over an object's own enumerable properties, executing the `callback`
+ * for each property. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
+ * arguments; (value, key, object). Callbacks may exit iteration early by explicitly
+ * returning `false`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.forOwn({ '0': 'zero', '1': 'one', 'length': 2 }, function(num, key) {
+ * alert(key);
+ * });
+ * // => alerts '0', '1', and 'length' (order is not guaranteed)
+ */
+ var forOwn = createIterator(forEachIteratorOptions, forOwnIteratorOptions);
+
+ /**
+ * A fallback implementation of `isPlainObject` that checks if a given `value`
+ * is an object created by the `Object` constructor, assuming objects created
+ * by the `Object` constructor have no inherited enumerable properties and that
+ * there are no `Object.prototype` extensions.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a plain object, else `false`.
+ */
+ function shimIsPlainObject(value) {
+ // avoid non-objects and false positives for `arguments` objects
+ var result = false;
+ if (!(value && typeof value == 'object') || isArguments(value)) {
+ return result;
+ }
+ // IE < 9 presents DOM nodes as `Object` objects except they have `toString`
+ // methods that are `typeof` "string" and still can coerce nodes to strings.
+ // Also check that the constructor is `Object` (i.e. `Object instanceof Object`)
+ var ctor = value.constructor;
+ if ((!noNodeClass || !(typeof value.toString != 'function' && typeof (value + '') == 'string')) &&
+ (!isFunction(ctor) || ctor instanceof ctor)) {
+ // IE < 9 iterates inherited properties before own properties. If the first
+ // iterated property is an object's own property then there are no inherited
+ // enumerable properties.
+ if (iteratesOwnLast) {
+ forIn(value, function(value, key, object) {
+ result = !hasOwnProperty.call(object, key);
+ return false;
+ });
+ return result === false;
+ }
+ // In most environments an object's own properties are iterated before
+ // its inherited properties. If the last iterated property is an object's
+ // own property then there are no inherited enumerable properties.
+ forIn(value, function(value, key) {
+ result = key;
+ });
+ return result === false || hasOwnProperty.call(value, result);
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A fallback implementation of `Object.keys` that produces an array of the
+ * given object's own enumerable property names.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property names.
+ */
+ function shimKeys(object) {
+ var result = [];
+ forOwn(object, function(value, key) {
+ result.push(key);
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Used to convert characters to HTML entities:
+ *
+ * Though the `>` character is escaped for symmetry, characters like `>` and `/`
+ * don't require escaping in HTML and have no special meaning unless they're part
+ * of a tag or an unquoted attribute value.
+ * http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/ambiguous-ampersands (under "semi-related fun fact")
+ */
+ var htmlEscapes = {
+ '&': '&',
+ '<': '<',
+ '>': '>',
+ '"': '"',
+ "'": '''
+ };
+
+ /** Used to convert HTML entities to characters */
+ var htmlUnescapes = invert(htmlEscapes);
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a clone of `value`. If `deep` is `true`, all nested objects will
+ * also be cloned otherwise they will be assigned by reference. Functions, DOM
+ * nodes, `arguments` objects, and objects created by constructors other than
+ * `Object` are **not** cloned.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to clone.
+ * @param {Boolean} deep A flag to indicate a deep clone.
+ * @param- {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
+ * others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `deep`.
+ * @param- {Array} [stackA=[]] Internally used to track traversed source objects.
+ * @param- {Array} [stackB=[]] Internally used to associate clones with their
+ * source counterparts.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the cloned `value`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var stooges = [
+ * { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 },
+ * { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 },
+ * { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 }
+ * ];
+ *
+ * _.clone({ 'name': 'moe' });
+ * // => { 'name': 'moe' }
+ *
+ * var shallow = _.clone(stooges);
+ * shallow[0] === stooges[0];
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * var deep = _.clone(stooges, true);
+ * shallow[0] === stooges[0];
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function clone(value, deep, guard, stackA, stackB) {
+ if (value == null) {
+ return value;
+ }
+ if (guard) {
+ deep = false;
+ }
+ // inspect [[Class]]
+ var isObj = isObject(value);
+ if (isObj) {
+ // don't clone `arguments` objects, functions, or non-object Objects
+ var className = toString.call(value);
+ if (!cloneableClasses[className] || (noArgsClass && isArguments(value))) {
+ return value;
+ }
+ var isArr = className == arrayClass;
+ isObj = isArr || (className == objectClass ? isPlainObject(value) : isObj);
+ }
+ // shallow clone
+ if (!isObj || !deep) {
+ // don't clone functions
+ return isObj
+ ? (isArr ? slice.call(value) : assign({}, value))
+ : value;
+ }
+
+ var ctor = value.constructor;
+ switch (className) {
+ case boolClass:
+ case dateClass:
+ return new ctor(+value);
+
+ case numberClass:
+ case stringClass:
+ return new ctor(value);
+
+ case regexpClass:
+ return ctor(value.source, reFlags.exec(value));
+ }
+ // check for circular references and return corresponding clone
+ stackA || (stackA = []);
+ stackB || (stackB = []);
+
+ var length = stackA.length;
+ while (length--) {
+ if (stackA[length] == value) {
+ return stackB[length];
+ }
+ }
+ // init cloned object
+ var result = isArr ? ctor(value.length) : {};
+
+ // add the source value to the stack of traversed objects
+ // and associate it with its clone
+ stackA.push(value);
+ stackB.push(result);
+
+ // recursively populate clone (susceptible to call stack limits)
+ (isArr ? forEach : forOwn)(value, function(objValue, key) {
+ result[key] = clone(objValue, deep, null, stackA, stackB);
+ });
+
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Assigns own enumerable properties of source object(s) to the `destination`
+ * object for all `destination` properties that resolve to `null`/`undefined`.
+ * Once a property is set, additional defaults of the same property will be
+ * ignored.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+ * @param {Object} [default1, default2, ...] The default objects.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns the destination object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var iceCream = { 'flavor': 'chocolate' };
+ * _.defaults(iceCream, { 'flavor': 'vanilla', 'sprinkles': 'rainbow' });
+ * // => { 'flavor': 'chocolate', 'sprinkles': 'rainbow' }
+ */
+ var defaults = createIterator(assignIteratorOptions, {
+ 'objectLoop': 'if (result[index] == null) ' + assignIteratorOptions.objectLoop
+ });
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a sorted array of all enumerable properties, own and inherited,
+ * of `object` that have function values.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias methods
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property names that have function values.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.functions(_);
+ * // => ['all', 'any', 'bind', 'bindAll', 'clone', 'compact', 'compose', ...]
+ */
+ function functions(object) {
+ var result = [];
+ forIn(object, function(value, key) {
+ if (isFunction(value)) {
+ result.push(key);
+ }
+ });
+ return result.sort();
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if the specified object `property` exists and is a direct property,
+ * instead of an inherited property.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to check.
+ * @param {String} property The property to check for.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if key is a direct property, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.has({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }, 'b');
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function has(object, property) {
+ return object ? hasOwnProperty.call(object, property) : false;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an object composed of the inverted keys and values of the given `object`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to invert.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns the created inverted object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.invert({ 'first': 'Moe', 'second': 'Larry', 'third': 'Curly' });
+ * // => { 'Moe': 'first', 'Larry': 'second', 'Curly': 'third' } (order is not guaranteed)
+ */
+ function invert(object) {
+ var result = {};
+ forOwn(object, function(value, key) {
+ result[value] = key;
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is an array.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is an array, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * (function() { return _.isArray(arguments); })();
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.isArray([1, 2, 3]);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ var isArray = nativeIsArray || function(value) {
+ return toString.call(value) == arrayClass;
+ };
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is a boolean (`true` or `false`) value.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a boolean value, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isBoolean(null);
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function isBoolean(value) {
+ return value === true || value === false || toString.call(value) == boolClass;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is a date.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a date, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isDate(new Date);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isDate(value) {
+ return toString.call(value) == dateClass;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is a DOM element.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a DOM element, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isElement(document.body);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isElement(value) {
+ return value ? value.nodeType === 1 : false;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is empty. Arrays, strings, or `arguments` objects with a
+ * length of `0` and objects with no own enumerable properties are considered
+ * "empty".
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} value The value to inspect.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is empty, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isEmpty([1, 2, 3]);
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.isEmpty({});
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isEmpty('');
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isEmpty(value) {
+ var result = true;
+ if (!value) {
+ return result;
+ }
+ var className = toString.call(value),
+ length = value.length;
+
+ if ((className == arrayClass || className == stringClass ||
+ className == argsClass || (noArgsClass && isArguments(value))) ||
+ (className == objectClass && typeof length == 'number' && isFunction(value.splice))) {
+ return !length;
+ }
+ forOwn(value, function() {
+ return (result = false);
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Performs a deep comparison between two values to determine if they are
+ * equivalent to each other.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} a The value to compare.
+ * @param {Mixed} b The other value to compare.
+ * @param- {Object} [stackA=[]] Internally used track traversed `a` objects.
+ * @param- {Object} [stackB=[]] Internally used track traversed `b` objects.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equvalent, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var moe = { 'name': 'moe', 'luckyNumbers': [13, 27, 34] };
+ * var clone = { 'name': 'moe', 'luckyNumbers': [13, 27, 34] };
+ *
+ * moe == clone;
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.isEqual(moe, clone);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isEqual(a, b, stackA, stackB) {
+ // exit early for identical values
+ if (a === b) {
+ // treat `+0` vs. `-0` as not equal
+ return a !== 0 || (1 / a == 1 / b);
+ }
+ // a strict comparison is necessary because `null == undefined`
+ if (a == null || b == null) {
+ return a === b;
+ }
+ // compare [[Class]] names
+ var className = toString.call(a);
+ if (className != toString.call(b)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ switch (className) {
+ case boolClass:
+ case dateClass:
+ // coerce dates and booleans to numbers, dates to milliseconds and booleans
+ // to `1` or `0`, treating invalid dates coerced to `NaN` as not equal
+ return +a == +b;
+
+ case numberClass:
+ // treat `NaN` vs. `NaN` as equal
+ return a != +a
+ ? b != +b
+ // but treat `+0` vs. `-0` as not equal
+ : (a == 0 ? (1 / a == 1 / b) : a == +b);
+
+ case regexpClass:
+ case stringClass:
+ // coerce regexes to strings (http://es5.github.com/#x15.10.6.4)
+ // treat string primitives and their corresponding object instances as equal
+ return a == b + '';
+ }
+ // exit early, in older browsers, if `a` is array-like but not `b`
+ var isArr = className == arrayClass || className == argsClass;
+ if (noArgsClass && !isArr && (isArr = isArguments(a)) && !isArguments(b)) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ if (!isArr) {
+ // unwrap any `lodash` wrapped values
+ if (a.__wrapped__ || b.__wrapped__) {
+ return isEqual(a.__wrapped__ || a, b.__wrapped__ || b);
+ }
+ // exit for functions and DOM nodes
+ if (className != objectClass || (noNodeClass && (
+ (typeof a.toString != 'function' && typeof (a + '') == 'string') ||
+ (typeof b.toString != 'function' && typeof (b + '') == 'string')))) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ var ctorA = a.constructor,
+ ctorB = b.constructor;
+
+ // non `Object` object instances with different constructors are not equal
+ if (ctorA != ctorB && !(
+ isFunction(ctorA) && ctorA instanceof ctorA &&
+ isFunction(ctorB) && ctorB instanceof ctorB
+ )) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ // assume cyclic structures are equal
+ // the algorithm for detecting cyclic structures is adapted from ES 5.1
+ // section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO` (http://es5.github.com/#x15.12.3)
+ stackA || (stackA = []);
+ stackB || (stackB = []);
+
+ var length = stackA.length;
+ while (length--) {
+ if (stackA[length] == a) {
+ return stackB[length] == b;
+ }
+ }
+
+ var index = -1,
+ result = true,
+ size = 0;
+
+ // add `a` and `b` to the stack of traversed objects
+ stackA.push(a);
+ stackB.push(b);
+
+ // recursively compare objects and arrays (susceptible to call stack limits)
+ if (isArr) {
+ // compare lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary
+ size = a.length;
+ result = size == b.length;
+
+ if (result) {
+ // deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties
+ while (size--) {
+ if (!(result = isEqual(a[size], b[size], stackA, stackB))) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+ // deep compare objects
+ for (var key in a) {
+ if (hasOwnProperty.call(a, key)) {
+ // count the number of properties.
+ size++;
+ // deep compare each property value.
+ if (!(hasOwnProperty.call(b, key) && isEqual(a[key], b[key], stackA, stackB))) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ // ensure both objects have the same number of properties
+ for (key in b) {
+ // The JS engine in Adobe products, like InDesign, has a bug that causes
+ // `!size--` to throw an error so it must be wrapped in parentheses.
+ // https://github.com/documentcloud/underscore/issues/355
+ if (hasOwnProperty.call(b, key) && !(size--)) {
+ // `size` will be `-1` if `b` has more properties than `a`
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ // handle JScript [[DontEnum]] bug
+ if (hasDontEnumBug) {
+ while (++index < 7) {
+ key = shadowed[index];
+ if (hasOwnProperty.call(a, key) &&
+ !(hasOwnProperty.call(b, key) && isEqual(a[key], b[key], stackA, stackB))) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return true;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is, or can be coerced to, a finite number.
+ *
+ * Note: This is not the same as native `isFinite`, which will return true for
+ * booleans and empty strings. See http://es5.github.com/#x15.1.2.5.
+ *
+ * @deprecated
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a finite number, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isFinite(-101);
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isFinite('10');
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isFinite(true);
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.isFinite('');
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.isFinite(Infinity);
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function isFinite(value) {
+ return nativeIsFinite(value) && !nativeIsNaN(parseFloat(value));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is a function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a function, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isFunction(_);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isFunction(value) {
+ return typeof value == 'function';
+ }
+ // fallback for older versions of Chrome and Safari
+ if (isFunction(/x/)) {
+ isFunction = function(value) {
+ return toString.call(value) == funcClass;
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is the language type of Object.
+ * (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is an object, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isObject({});
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isObject(1);
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function isObject(value) {
+ // check if the value is the ECMAScript language type of Object
+ // http://es5.github.com/#x8
+ // and avoid a V8 bug
+ // http://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=2291
+ return value ? objectTypes[typeof value] : false;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is `NaN`.
+ *
+ * Note: This is not the same as native `isNaN`, which will return true for
+ * `undefined` and other values. See http://es5.github.com/#x15.1.2.4.
+ *
+ * @deprecated
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is `NaN`, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isNaN(NaN);
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isNaN(new Number(NaN));
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * isNaN(undefined);
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isNaN(undefined);
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function isNaN(value) {
+ // `NaN` as a primitive is the only value that is not equal to itself
+ // (perform the [[Class]] check first to avoid errors with some host objects in IE)
+ return toString.call(value) == numberClass && value != +value
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is `null`.
+ *
+ * @deprecated
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is `null`, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isNull(null);
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.isNull(undefined);
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function isNull(value) {
+ return value === null;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is a number.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a number, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isNumber(8.4 * 5);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isNumber(value) {
+ return toString.call(value) == numberClass;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if a given `value` is an object created by the `Object` constructor.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a plain object, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * function Stooge(name, age) {
+ * this.name = name;
+ * this.age = age;
+ * }
+ *
+ * _.isPlainObject(new Stooge('moe', 40));
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.isPlainObject([1, 2, 3]);
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.isPlainObject({ 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 });
+ * // => true
+ */
+ var isPlainObject = !getPrototypeOf ? shimIsPlainObject : function(value) {
+ if (!(value && typeof value == 'object')) {
+ return false;
+ }
+ var valueOf = value.valueOf,
+ objProto = typeof valueOf == 'function' && (objProto = getPrototypeOf(valueOf)) && getPrototypeOf(objProto);
+
+ return objProto
+ ? value == objProto || (getPrototypeOf(value) == objProto && !isArguments(value))
+ : shimIsPlainObject(value);
+ };
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is a regular expression.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a regular expression, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isRegExp(/moe/);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isRegExp(value) {
+ return toString.call(value) == regexpClass;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is a string.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is a string, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isString('moe');
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isString(value) {
+ return toString.call(value) == stringClass;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if `value` is `undefined`.
+ *
+ * @deprecated
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to check.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `value` is `undefined`, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.isUndefined(void 0);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function isUndefined(value) {
+ return value === undefined;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array composed of the own enumerable property names of `object`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property names.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.keys({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 });
+ * // => ['one', 'two', 'three'] (order is not guaranteed)
+ */
+ var keys = !nativeKeys ? shimKeys : function(object) {
+ // avoid iterating over the `prototype` property
+ return typeof object == 'function' && propertyIsEnumerable.call(object, 'prototype')
+ ? shimKeys(object)
+ : (isObject(object) ? nativeKeys(object) : []);
+ };
+
+ /**
+ * Merges enumerable properties of the source object(s) into the `destination`
+ * object. Subsequent sources will overwrite propery assignments of previous
+ * sources.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The destination object.
+ * @param {Object} [source1, source2, ...] The source objects.
+ * @param- {Object} [indicator] Internally used to indicate that the `stack`
+ * argument is an array of traversed objects instead of another source object.
+ * @param- {Array} [stackA=[]] Internally used to track traversed source objects.
+ * @param- {Array} [stackB=[]] Internally used to associate values with their
+ * source counterparts.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns the destination object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var stooges = [
+ * { 'name': 'moe' },
+ * { 'name': 'larry' }
+ * ];
+ *
+ * var ages = [
+ * { 'age': 40 },
+ * { 'age': 50 }
+ * ];
+ *
+ * _.merge(stooges, ages);
+ * // => [{ 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 }, { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 }]
+ */
+ function merge(object, source, indicator) {
+ var args = arguments,
+ index = 0,
+ length = 2,
+ stackA = args[3],
+ stackB = args[4];
+
+ if (indicator !== indicatorObject) {
+ stackA = [];
+ stackB = [];
+
+ // work with `_.reduce` by only using its callback `accumulator` and `value` arguments
+ if (typeof indicator != 'number') {
+ length = args.length;
+ }
+ }
+ while (++index < length) {
+ forOwn(args[index], function(source, key) {
+ var found, isArr, value;
+ if (source && ((isArr = isArray(source)) || isPlainObject(source))) {
+ // avoid merging previously merged cyclic sources
+ var stackLength = stackA.length;
+ while (stackLength--) {
+ found = stackA[stackLength] == source;
+ if (found) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (found) {
+ object[key] = stackB[stackLength];
+ }
+ else {
+ // add `source` and associated `value` to the stack of traversed objects
+ stackA.push(source);
+ stackB.push(value = (value = object[key], isArr)
+ ? (isArray(value) ? value : [])
+ : (isPlainObject(value) ? value : {})
+ );
+ // recursively merge objects and arrays (susceptible to call stack limits)
+ object[key] = merge(value, source, indicatorObject, stackA, stackB);
+ }
+ } else if (source != null) {
+ object[key] = source;
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ return object;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a shallow clone of `object` excluding the specified properties.
+ * Property names may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays of
+ * property names. If `callback` is passed, it will be executed for each property
+ * in the `object`, omitting the properties `callback` returns truthy for. The
+ * `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, key, object).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The source object.
+ * @param {Function|String} callback|[prop1, prop2, ...] The properties to omit
+ * or the function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns an object without the omitted properties.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.omit({ 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40, 'userid': 'moe1' }, 'userid');
+ * // => { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 }
+ *
+ * _.omit({ 'name': 'moe', '_hint': 'knucklehead', '_seed': '96c4eb' }, function(value, key) {
+ * return key.charAt(0) == '_';
+ * });
+ * // => { 'name': 'moe' }
+ */
+ function omit(object, callback, thisArg) {
+ var isFunc = typeof callback == 'function',
+ result = {};
+
+ if (isFunc) {
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ } else {
+ var props = concat.apply(arrayRef, arguments);
+ }
+ forIn(object, function(value, key, object) {
+ if (isFunc
+ ? !callback(value, key, object)
+ : indexOf(props, key, 1) < 0
+ ) {
+ result[key] = value;
+ }
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a two dimensional array of the given object's key-value pairs,
+ * i.e. `[[key1, value1], [key2, value2]]`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns new array of key-value pairs.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.pairs({ 'moe': 30, 'larry': 40, 'curly': 50 });
+ * // => [['moe', 30], ['larry', 40], ['curly', 50]] (order is not guaranteed)
+ */
+ function pairs(object) {
+ var result = [];
+ forOwn(object, function(value, key) {
+ result.push([key, value]);
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a shallow clone of `object` composed of the specified properties.
+ * Property names may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays of
+ * property names. If `callback` is passed, it will be executed for each property
+ * in the `object`, picking the properties `callback` returns truthy for. The
+ * `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, key, object).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The source object.
+ * @param {Function|String} callback|[prop1, prop2, ...] The properties to pick
+ * or the function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns an object composed of the picked properties.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.pick({ 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40, 'userid': 'moe1' }, 'name', 'age');
+ * // => { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 }
+ *
+ * _.pick({ 'name': 'moe', '_hint': 'knucklehead', '_seed': '96c4eb' }, function(value, key) {
+ * return key.charAt(0) != '_';
+ * });
+ * // => { 'name': 'moe' }
+ */
+ function pick(object, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result = {};
+ if (typeof callback != 'function') {
+ var index = 0,
+ props = concat.apply(arrayRef, arguments),
+ length = props.length;
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var key = props[index];
+ if (key in object) {
+ result[key] = object[key];
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ forIn(object, function(value, key, object) {
+ if (callback(value, key, object)) {
+ result[key] = value;
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array composed of the own enumerable property values of `object`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Objects
+ * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property values.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.values({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 });
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ */
+ function values(object) {
+ var result = [];
+ forOwn(object, function(value) {
+ result.push(value);
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if a given `target` element is present in a `collection` using strict
+ * equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If `fromIndex` is negative, it is used
+ * as the offset from the end of the collection.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias include
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Mixed} target The value to check for.
+ * @param {Number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if the `target` element is found, else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.contains([1, 2, 3], 1);
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.contains([1, 2, 3], 1, 2);
+ * // => false
+ *
+ * _.contains({ 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 }, 'moe');
+ * // => true
+ *
+ * _.contains('curly', 'ur');
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function contains(collection, target, fromIndex) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
+ result = false;
+
+ fromIndex = (fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(0, length + fromIndex) : fromIndex) || 0;
+ if (typeof length == 'number') {
+ result = (isString(collection)
+ ? collection.indexOf(target, fromIndex)
+ : indexOf(collection, target, fromIndex)
+ ) > -1;
+ } else {
+ forEach(collection, function(value) {
+ if (++index >= fromIndex) {
+ return !(result = value === target);
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an object composed of keys returned from running each element of
+ * `collection` through a `callback`. The corresponding value of each key is
+ * the number of times the key was returned by `callback`. The `callback` is
+ * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ * The `callback` argument may also be the name of a property to count by (e.g. 'length').
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function|String} callback|property The function called per iteration
+ * or property name to count by.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.countBy([4.3, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return Math.floor(num); });
+ * // => { '4': 1, '6': 2 }
+ *
+ * _.countBy([4.3, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return this.floor(num); }, Math);
+ * // => { '4': 1, '6': 2 }
+ *
+ * _.countBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
+ * // => { '3': 2, '5': 1 }
+ */
+ function countBy(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result = {};
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ forEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
+ key = callback(value, key, collection);
+ (hasOwnProperty.call(result, key) ? result[key]++ : result[key] = 1);
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if the `callback` returns a truthy value for **all** elements of a
+ * `collection`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
+ * arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias all
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if all elements pass the callback check,
+ * else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.every([true, 1, null, 'yes'], Boolean);
+ * // => false
+ */
+ function every(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result = true;
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+
+ if (isArray(collection)) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = collection.length;
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ if (!(result = !!callback(collection[index], index, collection))) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ return (result = !!callback(value, index, collection));
+ });
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Examines each element in a `collection`, returning an array of all elements
+ * the `callback` returns truthy for. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and
+ * invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias select
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of elements that passed the callback check.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var evens = _.filter([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
+ * // => [2, 4, 6]
+ */
+ function filter(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result = [];
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+
+ if (isArray(collection)) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = collection.length;
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var value = collection[index];
+ if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ });
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Examines each element in a `collection`, returning the first one the `callback`
+ * returns truthy for. The function returns as soon as it finds an acceptable
+ * element, and does not iterate over the entire `collection`. The `callback` is
+ * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias detect
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the element that passed the callback check,
+ * else `undefined`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var even = _.find([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
+ * // => 2
+ */
+ function find(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result;
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ if (callback(value, index, collection)) {
+ result = value;
+ return false;
+ }
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Iterates over a `collection`, executing the `callback` for each element in
+ * the `collection`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
+ * arguments; (value, index|key, collection). Callbacks may exit iteration early
+ * by explicitly returning `false`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias each
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Array|Object|String} Returns `collection`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _([1, 2, 3]).forEach(alert).join(',');
+ * // => alerts each number and returns '1,2,3'
+ *
+ * _.forEach({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 }, alert);
+ * // => alerts each number (order is not guaranteed)
+ */
+ var forEach = createIterator(forEachIteratorOptions);
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an object composed of keys returned from running each element of
+ * `collection` through a `callback`. The corresponding value of each key is an
+ * array of elements passed to `callback` that returned the key. The `callback`
+ * is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ * The `callback` argument may also be the name of a property to group by (e.g. 'length').
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function|String} callback|property The function called per iteration
+ * or property name to group by.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.groupBy([4.2, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return Math.floor(num); });
+ * // => { '4': [4.2], '6': [6.1, 6.4] }
+ *
+ * _.groupBy([4.2, 6.1, 6.4], function(num) { return this.floor(num); }, Math);
+ * // => { '4': [4.2], '6': [6.1, 6.4] }
+ *
+ * _.groupBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
+ * // => { '3': ['one', 'two'], '5': ['three'] }
+ */
+ function groupBy(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result = {};
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ forEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
+ key = callback(value, key, collection);
+ (hasOwnProperty.call(result, key) ? result[key] : result[key] = []).push(value);
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Invokes the method named by `methodName` on each element in the `collection`,
+ * returning an array of the results of each invoked method. Additional arguments
+ * will be passed to each invoked method. If `methodName` is a function it will
+ * be invoked for, and `this` bound to, each element in the `collection`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function|String} methodName The name of the method to invoke or
+ * the function invoked per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [arg1, arg2, ...] Arguments to invoke the method with.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of the results of each invoked method.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.invoke([[5, 1, 7], [3, 2, 1]], 'sort');
+ * // => [[1, 5, 7], [1, 2, 3]]
+ *
+ * _.invoke([123, 456], String.prototype.split, '');
+ * // => [['1', '2', '3'], ['4', '5', '6']]
+ */
+ function invoke(collection, methodName) {
+ var args = slice.call(arguments, 2),
+ isFunc = typeof methodName == 'function',
+ result = [];
+
+ forEach(collection, function(value) {
+ result.push((isFunc ? methodName : value[methodName]).apply(value, args));
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array of values by running each element in the `collection`
+ * through a `callback`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with
+ * three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias collect
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of the results of each `callback` execution.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.map([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return num * 3; });
+ * // => [3, 6, 9]
+ *
+ * _.map({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 }, function(num) { return num * 3; });
+ * // => [3, 6, 9] (order is not guaranteed)
+ */
+ function map(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
+ result = Array(typeof length == 'number' ? length : 0);
+
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ if (isArray(collection)) {
+ while (++index < length) {
+ result[index] = callback(collection[index], index, collection);
+ }
+ } else {
+ forEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
+ result[++index] = callback(value, key, collection);
+ });
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Retrieves the maximum value of an `array`. If `callback` is passed,
+ * it will be executed for each value in the `array` to generate the
+ * criterion by which the value is ranked. The `callback` is bound to
+ * `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} [callback] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the maximum value.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var stooges = [
+ * { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 },
+ * { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 },
+ * { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 }
+ * ];
+ *
+ * _.max(stooges, function(stooge) { return stooge.age; });
+ * // => { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 };
+ */
+ function max(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var computed = -Infinity,
+ index = -1,
+ length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
+ result = computed;
+
+ if (callback || !isArray(collection)) {
+ callback = !callback && isString(collection)
+ ? charAtCallback
+ : createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ var current = callback(value, index, collection);
+ if (current > computed) {
+ computed = current;
+ result = value;
+ }
+ });
+ } else {
+ while (++index < length) {
+ if (collection[index] > result) {
+ result = collection[index];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Retrieves the minimum value of an `array`. If `callback` is passed,
+ * it will be executed for each value in the `array` to generate the
+ * criterion by which the value is ranked. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg`
+ * and invoked with three arguments; (value, index, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} [callback] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the minimum value.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.min([10, 5, 100, 2, 1000]);
+ * // => 2
+ */
+ function min(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var computed = Infinity,
+ index = -1,
+ length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
+ result = computed;
+
+ if (callback || !isArray(collection)) {
+ callback = !callback && isString(collection)
+ ? charAtCallback
+ : createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ var current = callback(value, index, collection);
+ if (current < computed) {
+ computed = current;
+ result = value;
+ }
+ });
+ } else {
+ while (++index < length) {
+ if (collection[index] < result) {
+ result = collection[index];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Retrieves the value of a specified property from all elements in
+ * the `collection`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {String} property The property to pluck.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of property values.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var stooges = [
+ * { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 },
+ * { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 },
+ * { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 }
+ * ];
+ *
+ * _.pluck(stooges, 'name');
+ * // => ['moe', 'larry', 'curly']
+ */
+ function pluck(collection, property) {
+ var result = [];
+ forEach(collection, function(value) {
+ result.push(value[property]);
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Boils down a `collection` to a single value. The initial state of the
+ * reduction is `accumulator` and each successive step of it should be returned
+ * by the `callback`. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with 4
+ * arguments; for arrays they are (accumulator, value, index|key, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias foldl, inject
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [accumulator] Initial value of the accumulator.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the accumulated value.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var sum = _.reduce([1, 2, 3], function(memo, num) { return memo + num; });
+ * // => 6
+ */
+ function reduce(collection, callback, accumulator, thisArg) {
+ var noaccum = arguments.length < 3;
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ accumulator = noaccum
+ ? (noaccum = false, value)
+ : callback(accumulator, value, index, collection)
+ });
+ return accumulator;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The right-associative version of `_.reduce`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias foldr
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [accumulator] Initial value of the accumulator.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the accumulated value.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var list = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]];
+ * var flat = _.reduceRight(list, function(a, b) { return a.concat(b); }, []);
+ * // => [4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1]
+ */
+ function reduceRight(collection, callback, accumulator, thisArg) {
+ var iteratee = collection,
+ length = collection ? collection.length : 0,
+ noaccum = arguments.length < 3;
+
+ if (typeof length != 'number') {
+ var props = keys(collection);
+ length = props.length;
+ } else if (noCharByIndex && isString(collection)) {
+ iteratee = collection.split('');
+ }
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ index = props ? props[--length] : --length;
+ accumulator = noaccum
+ ? (noaccum = false, iteratee[index])
+ : callback.call(thisArg, accumulator, iteratee[index], index, collection);
+ });
+ return accumulator;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The opposite of `_.filter`, this method returns the values of a
+ * `collection` that `callback` does **not** return truthy for.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of elements that did **not** pass the
+ * callback check.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var odds = _.reject([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; });
+ * // => [1, 3, 5]
+ */
+ function reject(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ return filter(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ return !callback(value, index, collection);
+ });
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array of shuffled `array` values, using a version of the
+ * Fisher-Yates shuffle. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher-Yates_shuffle.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to shuffle.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new shuffled collection.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.shuffle([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]);
+ * // => [4, 1, 6, 3, 5, 2]
+ */
+ function shuffle(collection) {
+ var index = -1,
+ result = Array(collection ? collection.length : 0);
+
+ forEach(collection, function(value) {
+ var rand = floor(nativeRandom() * (++index + 1));
+ result[index] = result[rand];
+ result[rand] = value;
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the size of the `collection` by returning `collection.length` for arrays
+ * and array-like objects or the number of own enumerable properties for objects.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to inspect.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns `collection.length` or number of own enumerable properties.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.size([1, 2]);
+ * // => 2
+ *
+ * _.size({ 'one': 1, 'two': 2, 'three': 3 });
+ * // => 3
+ *
+ * _.size('curly');
+ * // => 5
+ */
+ function size(collection) {
+ var length = collection ? collection.length : 0;
+ return typeof length == 'number' ? length : keys(collection).length;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Checks if the `callback` returns a truthy value for **any** element of a
+ * `collection`. The function returns as soon as it finds passing value, and
+ * does not iterate over the entire `collection`. The `callback` is bound to
+ * `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias any
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Boolean} Returns `true` if any element passes the callback check,
+ * else `false`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.some([null, 0, 'yes', false], Boolean);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function some(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result;
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+
+ if (isArray(collection)) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = collection.length;
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ if ((result = callback(collection[index], index, collection))) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ } else {
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ return !(result = callback(value, index, collection));
+ });
+ }
+ return !!result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array, stable sorted in ascending order by the results of
+ * running each element of `collection` through a `callback`. The `callback`
+ * is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index|key, collection).
+ * The `callback` argument may also be the name of a property to sort by (e.g. 'length').
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Function|String} callback|property The function called per iteration
+ * or property name to sort by.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of sorted elements.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return Math.sin(num); });
+ * // => [3, 1, 2]
+ *
+ * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(num) { return this.sin(num); }, Math);
+ * // => [3, 1, 2]
+ *
+ * _.sortBy(['larry', 'brendan', 'moe'], 'length');
+ * // => ['moe', 'larry', 'brendan']
+ */
+ function sortBy(collection, callback, thisArg) {
+ var result = [];
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ forEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
+ result.push({
+ 'criteria': callback(value, index, collection),
+ 'index': index,
+ 'value': value
+ });
+ });
+
+ var length = result.length;
+ result.sort(compareAscending);
+ while (length--) {
+ result[length] = result[length].value;
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Converts the `collection`, to an array.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to convert.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns the new converted array.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * (function() { return _.toArray(arguments).slice(1); })(1, 2, 3, 4);
+ * // => [2, 3, 4]
+ */
+ function toArray(collection) {
+ if (collection && typeof collection.length == 'number') {
+ return (noArraySliceOnStrings ? isString(collection) : typeof collection == 'string')
+ ? collection.split('')
+ : slice.call(collection);
+ }
+ return values(collection);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Examines each element in a `collection`, returning an array of all elements
+ * that contain the given `properties`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Collections
+ * @param {Array|Object|String} collection The collection to iterate over.
+ * @param {Object} properties The object of property values to filter by.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of elements that contain the given `properties`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var stooges = [
+ * { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 },
+ * { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 },
+ * { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 }
+ * ];
+ *
+ * _.where(stooges, { 'age': 40 });
+ * // => [{ 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 }]
+ */
+ function where(collection, properties) {
+ var props = keys(properties);
+ return filter(collection, function(object) {
+ var length = props.length;
+ while (length--) {
+ var result = object[props[length]] === properties[props[length]];
+ if (!result) {
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return !!result;
+ });
+ }
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array with all falsey values of `array` removed. The values
+ * `false`, `null`, `0`, `""`, `undefined` and `NaN` are all falsey.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to compact.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new filtered array.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.compact([0, 1, false, 2, '', 3]);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ */
+ function compact(array) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = array ? array.length : 0,
+ result = [];
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var value = array[index];
+ if (value) {
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array of `array` elements not present in the other arrays
+ * using strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to process.
+ * @param {Array} [array1, array2, ...] Arrays to check.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of `array` elements not present in the
+ * other arrays.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.difference([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [5, 2, 10]);
+ * // => [1, 3, 4]
+ */
+ function difference(array) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = array ? array.length : 0,
+ flattened = concat.apply(arrayRef, arguments),
+ contains = cachedContains(flattened, length),
+ result = [];
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var value = array[index];
+ if (!contains(value)) {
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the first element of the `array`. Pass `n` to return the first `n`
+ * elements of the `array`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias head, take
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+ * @param {Number} [n] The number of elements to return.
+ * @param- {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
+ * others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `n`.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the first element or an array of the first `n`
+ * elements of `array`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.first([5, 4, 3, 2, 1]);
+ * // => 5
+ */
+ function first(array, n, guard) {
+ if (array) {
+ return (n == null || guard) ? array[0] : slice.call(array, 0, n);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Flattens a nested array (the nesting can be to any depth). If `shallow` is
+ * truthy, `array` will only be flattened a single level.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to compact.
+ * @param {Boolean} shallow A flag to indicate only flattening a single level.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new flattened array.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.flatten([1, [2], [3, [[4]]]]);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3, 4];
+ *
+ * _.flatten([1, [2], [3, [[4]]]], true);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3, [[4]]];
+ */
+ function flatten(array, shallow) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = array ? array.length : 0,
+ result = [];
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var value = array[index];
+
+ // recursively flatten arrays (susceptible to call stack limits)
+ if (isArray(value)) {
+ push.apply(result, shallow ? value : flatten(value));
+ } else {
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the index at which the first occurrence of `value` is found using
+ * strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If the `array` is already
+ * sorted, passing `true` for `fromIndex` will run a faster binary search.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to search.
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to search for.
+ * @param {Boolean|Number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from or `true` to
+ * perform a binary search on a sorted `array`.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns the index of the matched value or `-1`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.indexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2);
+ * // => 1
+ *
+ * _.indexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2, 3);
+ * // => 4
+ *
+ * _.indexOf([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3], 2, true);
+ * // => 2
+ */
+ function indexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = array ? array.length : 0;
+
+ if (typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
+ index = (fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(0, length + fromIndex) : fromIndex || 0) - 1;
+ } else if (fromIndex) {
+ index = sortedIndex(array, value);
+ return array[index] === value ? index : -1;
+ }
+ while (++index < length) {
+ if (array[index] === value) {
+ return index;
+ }
+ }
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets all but the last element of `array`. Pass `n` to exclude the last `n`
+ * elements from the result.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+ * @param {Number} [n=1] The number of elements to exclude.
+ * @param- {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
+ * others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `n`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns all but the last element or `n` elements of `array`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.initial([3, 2, 1]);
+ * // => [3, 2]
+ */
+ function initial(array, n, guard) {
+ return array
+ ? slice.call(array, 0, -((n == null || guard) ? 1 : n))
+ : [];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Computes the intersection of all the passed-in arrays using strict equality
+ * for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} [array1, array2, ...] Arrays to process.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of unique elements, in order, that are
+ * present in **all** of the arrays.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.intersection([1, 2, 3], [101, 2, 1, 10], [2, 1]);
+ * // => [1, 2]
+ */
+ function intersection(array) {
+ var args = arguments,
+ argsLength = args.length,
+ cache = {},
+ result = [];
+
+ forEach(array, function(value) {
+ if (indexOf(result, value) < 0) {
+ var length = argsLength;
+ while (--length) {
+ if (!(cache[length] || (cache[length] = cachedContains(args[length])))(value)) {
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ });
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the last element of the `array`. Pass `n` to return the last `n`
+ * elements of the `array`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+ * @param {Number} [n] The number of elements to return.
+ * @param- {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
+ * others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `n`.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the last element or an array of the last `n`
+ * elements of `array`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.last([3, 2, 1]);
+ * // => 1
+ */
+ function last(array, n, guard) {
+ if (array) {
+ var length = array.length;
+ return (n == null || guard) ? array[length - 1] : slice.call(array, -n || length);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Gets the index at which the last occurrence of `value` is found using strict
+ * equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If `fromIndex` is negative, it is used
+ * as the offset from the end of the collection.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to search.
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to search for.
+ * @param {Number} [fromIndex=array.length-1] The index to search from.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns the index of the matched value or `-1`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2);
+ * // => 4
+ *
+ * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 2, 3);
+ * // => 1
+ */
+ function lastIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
+ var index = array ? array.length : 0;
+ if (typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
+ index = (fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(0, index + fromIndex) : nativeMin(fromIndex, index - 1)) + 1;
+ }
+ while (index--) {
+ if (array[index] === value) {
+ return index;
+ }
+ }
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an object composed from arrays of `keys` and `values`. Pass either
+ * a single two dimensional array, i.e. `[[key1, value1], [key2, value2]]`, or
+ * two arrays, one of `keys` and one of corresponding `values`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} keys The array of keys.
+ * @param {Array} [values=[]] The array of values.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns an object composed of the given keys and
+ * corresponding values.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.object(['moe', 'larry', 'curly'], [30, 40, 50]);
+ * // => { 'moe': 30, 'larry': 40, 'curly': 50 }
+ */
+ function object(keys, values) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = keys ? keys.length : 0,
+ result = {};
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var key = keys[index];
+ if (values) {
+ result[key] = values[index];
+ } else {
+ result[key[0]] = key[1];
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array of numbers (positive and/or negative) progressing from
+ * `start` up to but not including `stop`. This method is a port of Python's
+ * `range()` function. See http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Number} [start=0] The start of the range.
+ * @param {Number} end The end of the range.
+ * @param {Number} [step=1] The value to increment or descrement by.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new range array.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.range(10);
+ * // => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
+ *
+ * _.range(1, 11);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
+ *
+ * _.range(0, 30, 5);
+ * // => [0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25]
+ *
+ * _.range(0, -10, -1);
+ * // => [0, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8, -9]
+ *
+ * _.range(0);
+ * // => []
+ */
+ function range(start, end, step) {
+ start = +start || 0;
+ step = +step || 1;
+
+ if (end == null) {
+ end = start;
+ start = 0;
+ }
+ // use `Array(length)` so V8 will avoid the slower "dictionary" mode
+ // http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAqIpGU8ZZk#t=16m27s
+ var index = -1,
+ length = nativeMax(0, ceil((end - start) / step)),
+ result = Array(length);
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ result[index] = start;
+ start += step;
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The opposite of `_.initial`, this method gets all but the first value of
+ * `array`. Pass `n` to exclude the first `n` values from the result.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias drop, tail
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to query.
+ * @param {Number} [n=1] The number of elements to exclude.
+ * @param- {Object} [guard] Internally used to allow this method to work with
+ * others like `_.map` without using their callback `index` argument for `n`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns all but the first value or `n` values of `array`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.rest([3, 2, 1]);
+ * // => [2, 1]
+ */
+ function rest(array, n, guard) {
+ return array
+ ? slice.call(array, (n == null || guard) ? 1 : n)
+ : [];
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Uses a binary search to determine the smallest index at which the `value`
+ * should be inserted into `array` in order to maintain the sort order of the
+ * sorted `array`. If `callback` is passed, it will be executed for `value` and
+ * each element in `array` to compute their sort ranking. The `callback` is
+ * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with one argument; (value). The `callback`
+ * argument may also be the name of a property to order by.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to evaluate.
+ * @param {Function|String} [callback=identity|property] The function called
+ * per iteration or property name to order by.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns the index at which the value should be inserted
+ * into `array`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.sortedIndex([20, 30, 50], 40);
+ * // => 2
+ *
+ * _.sortedIndex([{ 'x': 20 }, { 'x': 30 }, { 'x': 50 }], { 'x': 40 }, 'x');
+ * // => 2
+ *
+ * var dict = {
+ * 'wordToNumber': { 'twenty': 20, 'thirty': 30, 'fourty': 40, 'fifty': 50 }
+ * };
+ *
+ * _.sortedIndex(['twenty', 'thirty', 'fifty'], 'fourty', function(word) {
+ * return dict.wordToNumber[word];
+ * });
+ * // => 2
+ *
+ * _.sortedIndex(['twenty', 'thirty', 'fifty'], 'fourty', function(word) {
+ * return this.wordToNumber[word];
+ * }, dict);
+ * // => 2
+ */
+ function sortedIndex(array, value, callback, thisArg) {
+ var low = 0,
+ high = array ? array.length : low;
+
+ // explicitly reference `identity` for better engine inlining
+ callback = callback ? createCallback(callback, thisArg) : identity;
+ value = callback(value);
+ while (low < high) {
+ var mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
+ callback(array[mid]) < value
+ ? low = mid + 1
+ : high = mid;
+ }
+ return low;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Computes the union of the passed-in arrays using strict equality for
+ * comparisons, i.e. `===`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} [array1, array2, ...] Arrays to process.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of unique values, in order, that are
+ * present in one or more of the arrays.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.union([1, 2, 3], [101, 2, 1, 10], [2, 1]);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3, 101, 10]
+ */
+ function union() {
+ return uniq(concat.apply(arrayRef, arguments));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a duplicate-value-free version of the `array` using strict equality
+ * for comparisons, i.e. `===`. If the `array` is already sorted, passing `true`
+ * for `isSorted` will run a faster algorithm. If `callback` is passed, each
+ * element of `array` is passed through a callback` before uniqueness is computed.
+ * The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments; (value, index, array).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @alias unique
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to process.
+ * @param {Boolean} [isSorted=false] A flag to indicate that the `array` is already sorted.
+ * @param {Function} [callback=identity] The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a duplicate-value-free array.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.uniq([1, 2, 1, 3, 1]);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ * _.uniq([1, 1, 2, 2, 3], true);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ * _.uniq([1, 2, 1.5, 3, 2.5], function(num) { return Math.floor(num); });
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ *
+ * _.uniq([1, 2, 1.5, 3, 2.5], function(num) { return this.floor(num); }, Math);
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ */
+ function uniq(array, isSorted, callback, thisArg) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = array ? array.length : 0,
+ result = [],
+ seen = result;
+
+ // juggle arguments
+ if (typeof isSorted == 'function') {
+ thisArg = callback;
+ callback = isSorted;
+ isSorted = false;
+ }
+ // init value cache for large arrays
+ var isLarge = !isSorted && length > 74;
+ if (isLarge) {
+ var cache = {};
+ }
+ if (callback) {
+ seen = [];
+ callback = createCallback(callback, thisArg);
+ }
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var value = array[index],
+ computed = callback ? callback(value, index, array) : value;
+
+ if (isLarge) {
+ // manually coerce `computed` to a string because `hasOwnProperty`, in
+ // some older versions of Firefox, coerces objects incorrectly
+ seen = hasOwnProperty.call(cache, computed + '') ? cache[computed] : (cache[computed] = []);
+ }
+ if (isSorted
+ ? !index || seen[seen.length - 1] !== computed
+ : indexOf(seen, computed) < 0
+ ) {
+ if (callback || isLarge) {
+ seen.push(computed);
+ }
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates an array with all occurrences of the passed values removed using
+ * strict equality for comparisons, i.e. `===`.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} array The array to filter.
+ * @param {Mixed} [value1, value2, ...] Values to remove.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new filtered array.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.without([1, 2, 1, 0, 3, 1, 4], 0, 1);
+ * // => [2, 3, 4]
+ */
+ function without(array) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = array ? array.length : 0,
+ contains = cachedContains(arguments, 1, 20),
+ result = [];
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var value = array[index];
+ if (!contains(value)) {
+ result.push(value);
+ }
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Groups the elements of each array at their corresponding indexes. Useful for
+ * separate data sources that are coordinated through matching array indexes.
+ * For a matrix of nested arrays, `_.zip.apply(...)` can transpose the matrix
+ * in a similar fashion.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Arrays
+ * @param {Array} [array1, array2, ...] Arrays to process.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of grouped elements.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.zip(['moe', 'larry', 'curly'], [30, 40, 50], [true, false, false]);
+ * // => [['moe', 30, true], ['larry', 40, false], ['curly', 50, false]]
+ */
+ function zip(array) {
+ var index = -1,
+ length = array ? max(pluck(arguments, 'length')) : 0,
+ result = Array(length);
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ result[index] = pluck(arguments, index);
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that is restricted to executing `func` only after it is
+ * called `n` times. The `func` is executed with the `this` binding of the
+ * created function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Number} n The number of times the function must be called before
+ * it is executed.
+ * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var renderNotes = _.after(notes.length, render);
+ * _.forEach(notes, function(note) {
+ * note.asyncSave({ 'success': renderNotes });
+ * });
+ * // `renderNotes` is run once, after all notes have saved
+ */
+ function after(n, func) {
+ if (n < 1) {
+ return func();
+ }
+ return function() {
+ if (--n < 1) {
+ return func.apply(this, arguments);
+ }
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that, when called, invokes `func` with the `this`
+ * binding of `thisArg` and prepends any additional `bind` arguments to those
+ * passed to the bound function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
+ * @param {Mixed} [arg1, arg2, ...] Arguments to be partially applied.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var func = function(greeting) {
+ * return greeting + ' ' + this.name;
+ * };
+ *
+ * func = _.bind(func, { 'name': 'moe' }, 'hi');
+ * func();
+ * // => 'hi moe'
+ */
+ function bind(func, thisArg) {
+ // use `Function#bind` if it exists and is fast
+ // (in V8 `Function#bind` is slower except when partially applied)
+ return isBindFast || (nativeBind && arguments.length > 2)
+ ? nativeBind.call.apply(nativeBind, arguments)
+ : createBound(func, thisArg, slice.call(arguments, 2));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Binds methods on `object` to `object`, overwriting the existing method.
+ * If no method names are provided, all the function properties of `object`
+ * will be bound.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Object} object The object to bind and assign the bound methods to.
+ * @param {String} [methodName1, methodName2, ...] Method names on the object to bind.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var buttonView = {
+ * 'label': 'lodash',
+ * 'onClick': function() { alert('clicked: ' + this.label); }
+ * };
+ *
+ * _.bindAll(buttonView);
+ * jQuery('#lodash_button').on('click', buttonView.onClick);
+ * // => When the button is clicked, `this.label` will have the correct value
+ */
+ function bindAll(object) {
+ var funcs = arguments,
+ index = funcs.length > 1 ? 0 : (funcs = functions(object), -1),
+ length = funcs.length;
+
+ while (++index < length) {
+ var key = funcs[index];
+ object[key] = bind(object[key], object);
+ }
+ return object;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that, when called, invokes the method at `object[key]`
+ * and prepends any additional `bindKey` arguments to those passed to the bound
+ * function. This method differs from `_.bind` by allowing bound functions to
+ * reference methods that will be redefined or don't yet exist.
+ * See http://michaux.ca/articles/lazy-function-definition-pattern.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Object} object The object the method belongs to.
+ * @param {String} key The key of the method.
+ * @param {Mixed} [arg1, arg2, ...] Arguments to be partially applied.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var object = {
+ * 'name': 'moe',
+ * 'greet': function(greeting) {
+ * return greeting + ' ' + this.name;
+ * }
+ * };
+ *
+ * var func = _.bindKey(object, 'greet', 'hi');
+ * func();
+ * // => 'hi moe'
+ *
+ * object.greet = function(greeting) {
+ * return greeting + ', ' + this.name + '!';
+ * };
+ *
+ * func();
+ * // => 'hi, moe!'
+ */
+ function bindKey(object, key) {
+ return createBound(object, key, slice.call(arguments, 2));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that is the composition of the passed functions,
+ * where each function consumes the return value of the function that follows.
+ * In math terms, composing the functions `f()`, `g()`, and `h()` produces `f(g(h()))`.
+ * Each function is executed with the `this` binding of the composed function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} [func1, func2, ...] Functions to compose.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new composed function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var greet = function(name) { return 'hi: ' + name; };
+ * var exclaim = function(statement) { return statement + '!'; };
+ * var welcome = _.compose(exclaim, greet);
+ * welcome('moe');
+ * // => 'hi: moe!'
+ */
+ function compose() {
+ var funcs = arguments;
+ return function() {
+ var args = arguments,
+ length = funcs.length;
+
+ while (length--) {
+ args = [funcs[length].apply(this, args)];
+ }
+ return args[0];
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that will delay the execution of `func` until after
+ * `wait` milliseconds have elapsed since the last time it was invoked. Pass
+ * `true` for `immediate` to cause debounce to invoke `func` on the leading,
+ * instead of the trailing, edge of the `wait` timeout. Subsequent calls to
+ * the debounced function will return the result of the last `func` call.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
+ * @param {Number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay.
+ * @param {Boolean} immediate A flag to indicate execution is on the leading
+ * edge of the timeout.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var lazyLayout = _.debounce(calculateLayout, 300);
+ * jQuery(window).on('resize', lazyLayout);
+ */
+ function debounce(func, wait, immediate) {
+ var args,
+ result,
+ thisArg,
+ timeoutId;
+
+ function delayed() {
+ timeoutId = null;
+ if (!immediate) {
+ result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
+ }
+ }
+ return function() {
+ var isImmediate = immediate && !timeoutId;
+ args = arguments;
+ thisArg = this;
+
+ clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+ timeoutId = setTimeout(delayed, wait);
+
+ if (isImmediate) {
+ result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Executes the `func` function after `wait` milliseconds. Additional arguments
+ * will be passed to `func` when it is invoked.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to delay.
+ * @param {Number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay execution.
+ * @param {Mixed} [arg1, arg2, ...] Arguments to invoke the function with.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns the `setTimeout` timeout id.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var log = _.bind(console.log, console);
+ * _.delay(log, 1000, 'logged later');
+ * // => 'logged later' (Appears after one second.)
+ */
+ function delay(func, wait) {
+ var args = slice.call(arguments, 2);
+ return setTimeout(function() { func.apply(undefined, args); }, wait);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Defers executing the `func` function until the current call stack has cleared.
+ * Additional arguments will be passed to `func` when it is invoked.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to defer.
+ * @param {Mixed} [arg1, arg2, ...] Arguments to invoke the function with.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns the `setTimeout` timeout id.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.defer(function() { alert('deferred'); });
+ * // returns from the function before `alert` is called
+ */
+ function defer(func) {
+ var args = slice.call(arguments, 1);
+ return setTimeout(function() { func.apply(undefined, args); }, 1);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that memoizes the result of `func`. If `resolver` is
+ * passed, it will be used to determine the cache key for storing the result
+ * based on the arguments passed to the memoized function. By default, the first
+ * argument passed to the memoized function is used as the cache key. The `func`
+ * is executed with the `this` binding of the memoized function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to have its output memoized.
+ * @param {Function} [resolver] A function used to resolve the cache key.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new memoizing function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var fibonacci = _.memoize(function(n) {
+ * return n < 2 ? n : fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);
+ * });
+ */
+ function memoize(func, resolver) {
+ var cache = {};
+ return function() {
+ var key = resolver ? resolver.apply(this, arguments) : arguments[0];
+ return hasOwnProperty.call(cache, key)
+ ? cache[key]
+ : (cache[key] = func.apply(this, arguments));
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that is restricted to execute `func` once. Repeat calls to
+ * the function will return the value of the first call. The `func` is executed
+ * with the `this` binding of the created function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var initialize = _.once(createApplication);
+ * initialize();
+ * initialize();
+ * // Application is only created once.
+ */
+ function once(func) {
+ var result,
+ ran = false;
+
+ return function() {
+ if (ran) {
+ return result;
+ }
+ ran = true;
+ result = func.apply(this, arguments);
+
+ // clear the `func` variable so the function may be garbage collected
+ func = null;
+ return result;
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that, when called, invokes `func` with any additional
+ * `partial` arguments prepended to those passed to the new function. This
+ * method is similar to `bind`, except it does **not** alter the `this` binding.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
+ * @param {Mixed} [arg1, arg2, ...] Arguments to be partially applied.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new partially applied function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var greet = function(greeting, name) { return greeting + ': ' + name; };
+ * var hi = _.partial(greet, 'hi');
+ * hi('moe');
+ * // => 'hi: moe'
+ */
+ function partial(func) {
+ return createBound(func, slice.call(arguments, 1));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that, when executed, will only call the `func`
+ * function at most once per every `wait` milliseconds. If the throttled
+ * function is invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout, `func` will
+ * also be called on the trailing edge of the timeout. Subsequent calls to the
+ * throttled function will return the result of the last `func` call.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
+ * @param {Number} wait The number of milliseconds to throttle executions to.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var throttled = _.throttle(updatePosition, 100);
+ * jQuery(window).on('scroll', throttled);
+ */
+ function throttle(func, wait) {
+ var args,
+ result,
+ thisArg,
+ timeoutId,
+ lastCalled = 0;
+
+ function trailingCall() {
+ lastCalled = new Date;
+ timeoutId = null;
+ result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
+ }
+ return function() {
+ var now = new Date,
+ remaining = wait - (now - lastCalled);
+
+ args = arguments;
+ thisArg = this;
+
+ if (remaining <= 0) {
+ clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+ lastCalled = now;
+ result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
+ }
+ else if (!timeoutId) {
+ timeoutId = setTimeout(trailingCall, remaining);
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Creates a function that passes `value` to the `wrapper` function as its
+ * first argument. Additional arguments passed to the function are appended
+ * to those passed to the `wrapper` function. The `wrapper` is executed with
+ * the `this` binding of the created function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Functions
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to wrap.
+ * @param {Function} wrapper The wrapper function.
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var hello = function(name) { return 'hello ' + name; };
+ * hello = _.wrap(hello, function(func) {
+ * return 'before, ' + func('moe') + ', after';
+ * });
+ * hello();
+ * // => 'before, hello moe, after'
+ */
+ function wrap(value, wrapper) {
+ return function() {
+ var args = [value];
+ push.apply(args, arguments);
+ return wrapper.apply(this, args);
+ };
+ }
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Converts the characters `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'` in `string` to their
+ * corresponding HTML entities.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {String} string The string to escape.
+ * @returns {String} Returns the escaped string.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.escape('Moe, Larry & Curly');
+ * // => "Moe, Larry & Curly"
+ */
+ function escape(string) {
+ return string == null ? '' : (string + '').replace(reUnescapedHtml, escapeHtmlChar);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * This function returns the first argument passed to it.
+ *
+ * Note: It is used throughout Lo-Dash as a default callback.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {Mixed} value Any value.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns `value`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var moe = { 'name': 'moe' };
+ * moe === _.identity(moe);
+ * // => true
+ */
+ function identity(value) {
+ return value;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Adds functions properties of `object` to the `lodash` function and chainable
+ * wrapper.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {Object} object The object of function properties to add to `lodash`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.mixin({
+ * 'capitalize': function(string) {
+ * return string.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + string.slice(1).toLowerCase();
+ * }
+ * });
+ *
+ * _.capitalize('larry');
+ * // => 'Larry'
+ *
+ * _('curly').capitalize();
+ * // => 'Curly'
+ */
+ function mixin(object) {
+ forEach(functions(object), function(methodName) {
+ var func = lodash[methodName] = object[methodName];
+
+ lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
+ var args = [this.__wrapped__];
+ push.apply(args, arguments);
+
+ var result = func.apply(lodash, args);
+ if (this.__chain__) {
+ result = new lodash(result);
+ result.__chain__ = true;
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+ });
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Reverts the '_' variable to its previous value and returns a reference to
+ * the `lodash` function.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @returns {Function} Returns the `lodash` function.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var lodash = _.noConflict();
+ */
+ function noConflict() {
+ window._ = oldDash;
+ return this;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Produces a random number between `min` and `max` (inclusive). If only one
+ * argument is passed, a number between `0` and the given number will be returned.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {Number} [min=0] The minimum possible value.
+ * @param {Number} [max=1] The maximum possible value.
+ * @returns {Number} Returns a random number.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.random(0, 5);
+ * // => a number between 1 and 5
+ *
+ * _.random(5);
+ * // => also a number between 1 and 5
+ */
+ function random(min, max) {
+ if (min == null && max == null) {
+ max = 1;
+ }
+ min = +min || 0;
+ if (max == null) {
+ max = min;
+ min = 0;
+ }
+ return min + floor(nativeRandom() * ((+max || 0) - min + 1));
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Resolves the value of `property` on `object`. If `property` is a function
+ * it will be invoked and its result returned, else the property value is
+ * returned. If `object` is falsey, then `null` is returned.
+ *
+ * @deprecated
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
+ * @param {String} property The property to get the value of.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the resolved value.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var object = {
+ * 'cheese': 'crumpets',
+ * 'stuff': function() {
+ * return 'nonsense';
+ * }
+ * };
+ *
+ * _.result(object, 'cheese');
+ * // => 'crumpets'
+ *
+ * _.result(object, 'stuff');
+ * // => 'nonsense'
+ */
+ function result(object, property) {
+ // based on Backbone's private `getValue` function
+ // https://github.com/documentcloud/backbone/blob/0.9.2/backbone.js#L1419-1424
+ var value = object ? object[property] : null;
+ return isFunction(value) ? object[property]() : value;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A micro-templating method that handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves
+ * whitespace, and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
+ *
+ * Note: In the development build `_.template` utilizes sourceURLs for easier
+ * debugging. See http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/developertools/sourcemaps/#toc-sourceurl
+ *
+ * Note: Lo-Dash may be used in Chrome extensions by either creating a `lodash csp`
+ * build and avoiding `_.template` use, or loading Lo-Dash in a sandboxed page.
+ * See http://developer.chrome.com/trunk/extensions/sandboxingEval.html
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {String} text The template text.
+ * @param {Obect} data The data object used to populate the text.
+ * @param {Object} options The options object.
+ * escape - The "escape" delimiter regexp.
+ * evaluate - The "evaluate" delimiter regexp.
+ * interpolate - The "interpolate" delimiter regexp.
+ * sourceURL - The sourceURL of the template's compiled source.
+ * variable - The data object variable name.
+ *
+ * @returns {Function|String} Returns a compiled function when no `data` object
+ * is given, else it returns the interpolated text.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * // using a compiled template
+ * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= name %>');
+ * compiled({ 'name': 'moe' });
+ * // => 'hello moe'
+ *
+ * var list = '<% _.forEach(people, function(name) { %><li><%= name %></li><% }); %>';
+ * _.template(list, { 'people': ['moe', 'larry', 'curly'] });
+ * // => '<li>moe</li><li>larry</li><li>curly</li>'
+ *
+ * // using the "escape" delimiter to escape HTML in data property values
+ * _.template('<b><%- value %></b>', { 'value': '<script>' });
+ * // => '<b><script></b>'
+ *
+ * // using the ES6 delimiter as an alternative to the default "interpolate" delimiter
+ * _.template('hello ${ name }', { 'name': 'curly' });
+ * // => 'hello curly'
+ *
+ * // using the internal `print` function in "evaluate" delimiters
+ * _.template('<% print("hello " + epithet); %>!', { 'epithet': 'stooge' });
+ * // => 'hello stooge!'
+ *
+ * // using custom template delimiters
+ * _.templateSettings = {
+ * 'interpolate': /{{([\s\S]+?)}}/g
+ * };
+ *
+ * _.template('hello {{ name }}!', { 'name': 'mustache' });
+ * // => 'hello mustache!'
+ *
+ * // using the `sourceURL` option to specify a custom sourceURL for the template
+ * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= name %>', null, { 'sourceURL': '/basic/greeting.jst' });
+ * compiled(data);
+ * // => find the source of "greeting.jst" under the Sources tab or Resources panel of the web inspector
+ *
+ * // using the `variable` option to ensure a with-statement isn't used in the compiled template
+ * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= data.name %>!', null, { 'variable': 'data' });
+ * compiled.source;
+ * // => function(data) {
+ * var __t, __p = '', __e = _.escape;
+ * __p += 'hello ' + ((__t = ( data.name )) == null ? '' : __t) + '!';
+ * return __p;
+ * }
+ *
+ * // using the `source` property to inline compiled templates for meaningful
+ * // line numbers in error messages and a stack trace
+ * fs.writeFileSync(path.join(cwd, 'jst.js'), '\
+ * var JST = {\
+ * "main": ' + _.template(mainText).source + '\
+ * };\
+ * ');
+ */
+ function template(text, data, options) {
+ // based on John Resig's `tmpl` implementation
+ // http://ejohn.org/blog/javascript-micro-templating/
+ // and Laura Doktorova's doT.js
+ // https://github.com/olado/doT
+ text || (text = '');
+ options || (options = {});
+
+ var isEvaluating,
+ result,
+ settings = lodash.templateSettings,
+ index = 0,
+ interpolate = options.interpolate || settings.interpolate || reNoMatch,
+ source = "__p += '",
+ variable = options.variable || settings.variable,
+ hasVariable = variable;
+
+ // compile regexp to match each delimiter
+ var reDelimiters = RegExp(
+ (options.escape || settings.escape || reNoMatch).source + '|' +
+ interpolate.source + '|' +
+ (interpolate === reInterpolate ? reEsTemplate : reNoMatch).source + '|' +
+ (options.evaluate || settings.evaluate || reNoMatch).source + '|$'
+ , 'g');
+
+ text.replace(reDelimiters, function(match, escapeValue, interpolateValue, esTemplateValue, evaluateValue, offset) {
+ interpolateValue || (interpolateValue = esTemplateValue);
+
+ // escape characters that cannot be included in string literals
+ source += text.slice(index, offset).replace(reUnescapedString, escapeStringChar);
+
+ // replace delimiters with snippets
+ source +=
+ escapeValue ? "' +\n__e(" + escapeValue + ") +\n'" :
+ evaluateValue ? "';\n" + evaluateValue + ";\n__p += '" :
+ interpolateValue ? "' +\n((__t = (" + interpolateValue + ")) == null ? '' : __t) +\n'" : '';
+
+ isEvaluating || (isEvaluating = evaluateValue || reComplexDelimiter.test(escapeValue || interpolateValue));
+ index = offset + match.length;
+ });
+
+ source += "';\n";
+
+ // if `variable` is not specified and the template contains "evaluate"
+ // delimiters, wrap a with-statement around the generated code to add the
+ // data object to the top of the scope chain
+ if (!hasVariable) {
+ variable = 'obj';
+ if (isEvaluating) {
+ source = 'with (' + variable + ') {\n' + source + '\n}\n';
+ }
+ else {
+ // avoid a with-statement by prepending data object references to property names
+ var reDoubleVariable = RegExp('(\\(\\s*)' + variable + '\\.' + variable + '\\b', 'g');
+ source = source
+ .replace(reInsertVariable, '$&' + variable + '.')
+ .replace(reDoubleVariable, '$1__d');
+ }
+ }
+
+ // cleanup code by stripping empty strings
+ source = (isEvaluating ? source.replace(reEmptyStringLeading, '') : source)
+ .replace(reEmptyStringMiddle, '$1')
+ .replace(reEmptyStringTrailing, '$1;');
+
+ // frame code as the function body
+ source = 'function(' + variable + ') {\n' +
+ (hasVariable ? '' : variable + ' || (' + variable + ' = {});\n') +
+ 'var __t, __p = \'\', __e = _.escape' +
+ (isEvaluating
+ ? ', __j = Array.prototype.join;\n' +
+ 'function print() { __p += __j.call(arguments, \'\') }\n'
+ : (hasVariable ? '' : ', __d = ' + variable + '.' + variable + ' || ' + variable) + ';\n'
+ ) +
+ source +
+ 'return __p\n}';
+
+ // use a sourceURL for easier debugging
+ // http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/developertools/sourcemaps/#toc-sourceurl
+ var sourceURL = useSourceURL
+ ? '\n//@ sourceURL=' + (options.sourceURL || '/lodash/template/source[' + (templateCounter++) + ']')
+ : '';
+
+ try {
+ result = Function('_', 'return ' + source + sourceURL)(lodash);
+ } catch(e) {
+ e.source = source;
+ throw e;
+ }
+
+ if (data) {
+ return result(data);
+ }
+ // provide the compiled function's source via its `toString` method, in
+ // supported environments, or the `source` property as a convenience for
+ // inlining compiled templates during the build process
+ result.source = source;
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Executes the `callback` function `n` times, returning an array of the results
+ * of each `callback` execution. The `callback` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
+ * with one argument; (index).
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {Number} n The number of times to execute the callback.
+ * @param {Function} callback The function called per iteration.
+ * @param {Mixed} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `callback`.
+ * @returns {Array} Returns a new array of the results of each `callback` execution.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var diceRolls = _.times(3, _.partial(_.random, 1, 6));
+ * // => [3, 6, 4]
+ *
+ * _.times(3, function(n) { mage.castSpell(n); });
+ * // => calls `mage.castSpell(n)` three times, passing `n` of `0`, `1`, and `2` respectively
+ *
+ * _.times(3, function(n) { this.cast(n); }, mage);
+ * // => also calls `mage.castSpell(n)` three times
+ */
+ function times(n, callback, thisArg) {
+ n = +n || 0;
+ var index = -1,
+ result = Array(n);
+
+ while (++index < n) {
+ result[index] = callback.call(thisArg, index);
+ }
+ return result;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The opposite of `_.escape`, this method converts the HTML entities
+ * `&`, `<`, `>`, `"`, and `'` in `string` to their
+ * corresponding characters.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {String} string The string to unescape.
+ * @returns {String} Returns the unescaped string.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.unescape('Moe, Larry & Curly');
+ * // => "Moe, Larry & Curly"
+ */
+ function unescape(string) {
+ return string == null ? '' : (string + '').replace(reEscapedHtml, unescapeHtmlChar);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Generates a unique id. If `prefix` is passed, the id will be appended to it.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Utilities
+ * @param {String} [prefix] The value to prefix the id with.
+ * @returns {Number|String} Returns a numeric id if no prefix is passed, else
+ * a string id may be returned.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.uniqueId('contact_');
+ * // => 'contact_104'
+ */
+ function uniqueId(prefix) {
+ var id = idCounter++;
+ return prefix ? prefix + id : id;
+ }
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * Wraps the value in a `lodash` wrapper object.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Chaining
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to wrap.
+ * @returns {Object} Returns the wrapper object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * var stooges = [
+ * { 'name': 'moe', 'age': 40 },
+ * { 'name': 'larry', 'age': 50 },
+ * { 'name': 'curly', 'age': 60 }
+ * ];
+ *
+ * var youngest = _.chain(stooges)
+ * .sortBy(function(stooge) { return stooge.age; })
+ * .map(function(stooge) { return stooge.name + ' is ' + stooge.age; })
+ * .first()
+ * .value();
+ * // => 'moe is 40'
+ */
+ function chain(value) {
+ value = new lodash(value);
+ value.__chain__ = true;
+ return value;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Invokes `interceptor` with the `value` as the first argument, and then
+ * returns `value`. The purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain,
+ * in order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Chaining
+ * @param {Mixed} value The value to pass to `interceptor`.
+ * @param {Function} interceptor The function to invoke.
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns `value`.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _.chain([1, 2, 3, 200])
+ * .filter(function(num) { return num % 2 == 0; })
+ * .tap(alert)
+ * .map(function(num) { return num * num })
+ * .value();
+ * // => // [2, 200] (alerted)
+ * // => [4, 40000]
+ */
+ function tap(value, interceptor) {
+ interceptor(value);
+ return value;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Enables method chaining on the wrapper object.
+ *
+ * @name chain
+ * @deprecated
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Chaining
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the wrapper object.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _([1, 2, 3]).value();
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ */
+ function wrapperChain() {
+ this.__chain__ = true;
+ return this;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Extracts the wrapped value.
+ *
+ * @name value
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @category Chaining
+ * @returns {Mixed} Returns the wrapped value.
+ * @example
+ *
+ * _([1, 2, 3]).value();
+ * // => [1, 2, 3]
+ */
+ function wrapperValue() {
+ return this.__wrapped__;
+ }
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ /**
+ * The semantic version number.
+ *
+ * @static
+ * @memberOf _
+ * @type String
+ */
+ lodash.VERSION = '0.10.0';
+
+ // assign static methods
+ lodash.assign = assign;
+ lodash.after = after;
+ lodash.bind = bind;
+ lodash.bindAll = bindAll;
+ lodash.bindKey = bindKey;
+ lodash.chain = chain;
+ lodash.clone = clone;
+ lodash.compact = compact;
+ lodash.compose = compose;
+ lodash.contains = contains;
+ lodash.countBy = countBy;
+ lodash.debounce = debounce;
+ lodash.defaults = defaults;
+ lodash.defer = defer;
+ lodash.delay = delay;
+ lodash.difference = difference;
+ lodash.escape = escape;
+ lodash.every = every;
+ lodash.filter = filter;
+ lodash.find = find;
+ lodash.first = first;
+ lodash.flatten = flatten;
+ lodash.forEach = forEach;
+ lodash.forIn = forIn;
+ lodash.forOwn = forOwn;
+ lodash.functions = functions;
+ lodash.groupBy = groupBy;
+ lodash.has = has;
+ lodash.identity = identity;
+ lodash.indexOf = indexOf;
+ lodash.initial = initial;
+ lodash.intersection = intersection;
+ lodash.invert = invert;
+ lodash.invoke = invoke;
+ lodash.isArguments = isArguments;
+ lodash.isArray = isArray;
+ lodash.isBoolean = isBoolean;
+ lodash.isDate = isDate;
+ lodash.isElement = isElement;
+ lodash.isEmpty = isEmpty;
+ lodash.isEqual = isEqual;
+ lodash.isFinite = isFinite;
+ lodash.isFunction = isFunction;
+ lodash.isNaN = isNaN;
+ lodash.isNull = isNull;
+ lodash.isNumber = isNumber;
+ lodash.isObject = isObject;
+ lodash.isPlainObject = isPlainObject;
+ lodash.isRegExp = isRegExp;
+ lodash.isString = isString;
+ lodash.isUndefined = isUndefined;
+ lodash.keys = keys;
+ lodash.last = last;
+ lodash.lastIndexOf = lastIndexOf;
+ lodash.map = map;
+ lodash.max = max;
+ lodash.memoize = memoize;
+ lodash.merge = merge;
+ lodash.min = min;
+ lodash.mixin = mixin;
+ lodash.noConflict = noConflict;
+ lodash.object = object;
+ lodash.omit = omit;
+ lodash.once = once;
+ lodash.pairs = pairs;
+ lodash.partial = partial;
+ lodash.pick = pick;
+ lodash.pluck = pluck;
+ lodash.random = random;
+ lodash.range = range;
+ lodash.reduce = reduce;
+ lodash.reduceRight = reduceRight;
+ lodash.reject = reject;
+ lodash.rest = rest;
+ lodash.result = result;
+ lodash.shuffle = shuffle;
+ lodash.size = size;
+ lodash.some = some;
+ lodash.sortBy = sortBy;
+ lodash.sortedIndex = sortedIndex;
+ lodash.tap = tap;
+ lodash.template = template;
+ lodash.throttle = throttle;
+ lodash.times = times;
+ lodash.toArray = toArray;
+ lodash.unescape = unescape;
+ lodash.union = union;
+ lodash.uniq = uniq;
+ lodash.uniqueId = uniqueId;
+ lodash.values = values;
+ lodash.where = where;
+ lodash.without = without;
+ lodash.wrap = wrap;
+ lodash.zip = zip;
+
+ // assign aliases
+ lodash.all = every;
+ lodash.any = some;
+ lodash.collect = map;
+ lodash.detect = find;
+ lodash.drop = rest;
+ lodash.each = forEach;
+ lodash.extend = assign;
+ lodash.foldl = reduce;
+ lodash.foldr = reduceRight;
+ lodash.head = first;
+ lodash.include = contains;
+ lodash.inject = reduce;
+ lodash.methods = functions;
+ lodash.select = filter;
+ lodash.tail = rest;
+ lodash.take = first;
+ lodash.unique = uniq;
+
+ // add pseudo private property to be used and removed during the build process
+ lodash._iteratorTemplate = iteratorTemplate;
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ // add all static functions to `lodash.prototype`
+ mixin(lodash);
+
+ // add `lodash.prototype.chain` after calling `mixin()` to avoid overwriting
+ // it with the wrapped `lodash.chain`
+ lodash.prototype.chain = wrapperChain;
+ lodash.prototype.value = wrapperValue;
+
+ // add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
+ forEach(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(methodName) {
+ var func = arrayRef[methodName];
+
+ lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
+ var value = this.__wrapped__;
+ func.apply(value, arguments);
+
+ // avoid array-like object bugs with `Array#shift` and `Array#splice` in
+ // Firefox < 10 and IE < 9
+ if (hasObjectSpliceBug && value.length === 0) {
+ delete value[0];
+ }
+ if (this.__chain__) {
+ value = new lodash(value);
+ value.__chain__ = true;
+ }
+ return value;
+ };
+ });
+
+ // add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
+ forEach(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(methodName) {
+ var func = arrayRef[methodName];
+
+ lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
+ var value = this.__wrapped__,
+ result = func.apply(value, arguments);
+
+ if (this.__chain__) {
+ result = new lodash(result);
+ result.__chain__ = true;
+ }
+ return result;
+ };
+ });
+
+ /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+ // expose Lo-Dash
+ // some AMD build optimizers, like r.js, check for specific condition patterns like the following:
+ if (typeof define == 'function' && typeof define.amd == 'object' && define.amd) {
+ // Expose Lo-Dash to the global object even when an AMD loader is present in
+ // case Lo-Dash was injected by a third-party script and not intended to be
+ // loaded as a module. The global assignment can be reverted in the Lo-Dash
+ // module via its `noConflict()` method.
+ window._ = lodash;
+
+ // define as an anonymous module so, through path mapping, it can be
+ // referenced as the "underscore" module
+ define(function() {
+ return lodash;
+ });
+ }
+ // check for `exports` after `define` in case a build optimizer adds an `exports` object
+ else if (freeExports) {
+ // in Node.js or RingoJS v0.8.0+
+ if (typeof module == 'object' && module && module.exports == freeExports) {
+ (module.exports = lodash)._ = lodash;
+ }
+ // in Narwhal or RingoJS v0.7.0-
+ else {
+ freeExports._ = lodash;
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ // in a browser or Rhino
+ window._ = lodash;
+ }
+}(this));
