// Copyright 2012 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#if V8_TARGET_ARCH_X64

#include "src/regexp/x64/regexp-macro-assembler-x64.h"

#include "src/codegen/macro-assembler.h"
#include "src/heap/factory.h"
#include "src/logging/log.h"
#include "src/objects/objects-inl.h"
#include "src/regexp/regexp-macro-assembler.h"
#include "src/regexp/regexp-stack.h"
#include "src/strings/unicode.h"

namespace v8 {
namespace internal {

/*
 * This assembler uses the following register assignment convention
 * - rdx : Currently loaded character(s) as Latin1 or UC16.  Must be loaded
 *         using LoadCurrentCharacter before using any of the dispatch methods.
 *         Temporarily stores the index of capture start after a matching pass
 *         for a global regexp.
 * - rdi : Current position in input, as negative offset from end of string.
 *         Please notice that this is the byte offset, not the character
 *         offset!  Is always a 32-bit signed (negative) offset, but must be
 *         maintained sign-extended to 64 bits, since it is used as index.
 * - rsi : End of input (points to byte after last character in input),
 *         so that rsi+rdi points to the current character.
 * - rbp : Frame pointer.  Used to access arguments, local variables and
 *         RegExp registers.
 * - rsp : Points to tip of C stack.
 * - rcx : Points to tip of backtrack stack.  The backtrack stack contains
 *         only 32-bit values.  Most are offsets from some base (e.g., character
 *         positions from end of string or code location from Code pointer).
 * - r8  : Code object pointer.  Used to convert between absolute and
 *         code-object-relative addresses.
 *
 * The registers rax, rbx, r9 and r11 are free to use for computations.
 * If changed to use r12+, they should be saved as callee-save registers.
 * The macro assembler special register r13 (kRootRegister) isn't special
 * during execution of RegExp code (it doesn't hold the value assumed when
 * creating JS code), so Root related macro operations can be used.
 *
 * Each call to a C++ method should retain these registers.
 *
 * The stack will have the following content, in some order, indexable from the
 * frame pointer (see, e.g., kStackHighEnd):
 *    - Isolate* isolate     (address of the current isolate)
 *    - direct_call          (if 1, direct call from JavaScript code, if 0 call
 *                            through the runtime system)
 *    - stack_area_base      (high end of the memory area to use as
 *                            backtracking stack)
 *    - capture array size   (may fit multiple sets of matches)
 *    - int* capture_array   (int[num_saved_registers_], for output).
 *    - end of input         (address of end of string)
 *    - start of input       (address of first character in string)
 *    - start index          (character index of start)
 *    - String input_string  (input string)
 *    - return address
 *    - backup of callee save registers (rbx, possibly rsi and rdi).
 *    - success counter      (only useful for global regexp to count matches)
 *    - Offset of location before start of input (effectively character
 *      string start - 1).  Used to initialize capture registers to a
 *      non-position.
 *    - At start of string (if 1, we are starting at the start of the
 *      string, otherwise 0)
 *    - register 0  rbp[-n]   (Only positions must be stored in the first
 *    - register 1  rbp[-n-8]  num_saved_registers_ registers)
 *    - ...
 *
 * The first num_saved_registers_ registers are initialized to point to
 * "character -1" in the string (i.e., char_size() bytes before the first
 * character of the string).  The remaining registers starts out uninitialized.
 *
 * The first seven values must be provided by the calling code by
 * calling the code's entry address cast to a function pointer with the
 * following signature:
 * int (*match)(String input_string,
 *              int start_index,
 *              Address start,
 *              Address end,
 *              int* capture_output_array,
 *              int num_capture_registers,
 *              byte* stack_area_base,
 *              bool direct_call = false,
 *              Isolate* isolate);
 */

#define __ ACCESS_MASM((&masm_))

const int RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::kRegExpCodeSize;

RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::RegExpMacroAssemblerX64(Isolate* isolate, Zone* zone,
                                                 Mode mode,
                                                 int registers_to_save)
    : NativeRegExpMacroAssembler(isolate, zone),
      masm_(isolate, CodeObjectRequired::kYes,
            NewAssemblerBuffer(kRegExpCodeSize)),
      no_root_array_scope_(&masm_),
      code_relative_fixup_positions_(zone),
      mode_(mode),
      num_registers_(registers_to_save),
      num_saved_registers_(registers_to_save),
      entry_label_(),
      start_label_(),
      success_label_(),
      backtrack_label_(),
      exit_label_() {
  DCHECK_EQ(0, registers_to_save % 2);
  __ jmp(&entry_label_);   // We'll write the entry code when we know more.
  __ bind(&start_label_);  // And then continue from here.
}

RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::~RegExpMacroAssemblerX64() {
  // Unuse labels in case we throw away the assembler without calling GetCode.
  entry_label_.Unuse();
  start_label_.Unuse();
  success_label_.Unuse();
  backtrack_label_.Unuse();
  exit_label_.Unuse();
  check_preempt_label_.Unuse();
  stack_overflow_label_.Unuse();
}


int RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::stack_limit_slack()  {
  return RegExpStack::kStackLimitSlack;
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::AdvanceCurrentPosition(int by) {
  if (by != 0) {
    __ addq(rdi, Immediate(by * char_size()));
  }
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::AdvanceRegister(int reg, int by) {
  DCHECK_LE(0, reg);
  DCHECK_GT(num_registers_, reg);
  if (by != 0) {
    __ addq(register_location(reg), Immediate(by));
  }
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Backtrack() {
  CheckPreemption();
  // Pop Code offset from backtrack stack, add Code and jump to location.
  Pop(rbx);
  __ addq(rbx, code_object_pointer());
  __ jmp(rbx);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Bind(Label* label) {
  __ bind(label);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckCharacter(uint32_t c, Label* on_equal) {
  __ cmpl(current_character(), Immediate(c));
  BranchOrBacktrack(equal, on_equal);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckCharacterGT(uc16 limit, Label* on_greater) {
  __ cmpl(current_character(), Immediate(limit));
  BranchOrBacktrack(greater, on_greater);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckAtStart(Label* on_at_start) {
  __ leaq(rax, Operand(rdi, -char_size()));
  __ cmpq(rax, Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne));
  BranchOrBacktrack(equal, on_at_start);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckNotAtStart(int cp_offset,
                                              Label* on_not_at_start) {
  __ leaq(rax, Operand(rdi, -char_size() + cp_offset * char_size()));
  __ cmpq(rax, Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne));
  BranchOrBacktrack(not_equal, on_not_at_start);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckCharacterLT(uc16 limit, Label* on_less) {
  __ cmpl(current_character(), Immediate(limit));
  BranchOrBacktrack(less, on_less);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckGreedyLoop(Label* on_equal) {
  Label fallthrough;
  __ cmpl(rdi, Operand(backtrack_stackpointer(), 0));
  __ j(not_equal, &fallthrough);
  Drop();
  BranchOrBacktrack(no_condition, on_equal);
  __ bind(&fallthrough);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckNotBackReferenceIgnoreCase(
    int start_reg, bool read_backward, bool unicode, Label* on_no_match) {
  Label fallthrough;
  ReadPositionFromRegister(rdx, start_reg);  // Offset of start of capture
  ReadPositionFromRegister(rbx, start_reg + 1);  // Offset of end of capture
  __ subq(rbx, rdx);                             // Length of capture.

  // -----------------------
  // rdx  = Start offset of capture.
  // rbx = Length of capture

  // At this point, the capture registers are either both set or both cleared.
  // If the capture length is zero, then the capture is either empty or cleared.
  // Fall through in both cases.
  __ j(equal, &fallthrough);

  // -----------------------
  // rdx - Start of capture
  // rbx - length of capture
  // Check that there are sufficient characters left in the input.
  if (read_backward) {
    __ movl(rax, Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne));
    __ addl(rax, rbx);
    __ cmpl(rdi, rax);
    BranchOrBacktrack(less_equal, on_no_match);
  } else {
    __ movl(rax, rdi);
    __ addl(rax, rbx);
    BranchOrBacktrack(greater, on_no_match);
  }

  if (mode_ == LATIN1) {
    Label loop_increment;
    if (on_no_match == nullptr) {
      on_no_match = &backtrack_label_;
    }

    __ leaq(r9, Operand(rsi, rdx, times_1, 0));
    __ leaq(r11, Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, 0));
    if (read_backward) {
      __ subq(r11, rbx);  // Offset by length when matching backwards.
    }
    __ addq(rbx, r9);  // End of capture
    // ---------------------
    // r11 - current input character address
    // r9 - current capture character address
    // rbx - end of capture

    Label loop;
    __ bind(&loop);
    __ movzxbl(rdx, Operand(r9, 0));
    __ movzxbl(rax, Operand(r11, 0));
    // al - input character
    // dl - capture character
    __ cmpb(rax, rdx);
    __ j(equal, &loop_increment);

    // Mismatch, try case-insensitive match (converting letters to lower-case).
    // I.e., if or-ing with 0x20 makes values equal and in range 'a'-'z', it's
    // a match.
    __ orq(rax, Immediate(0x20));  // Convert match character to lower-case.
    __ orq(rdx, Immediate(0x20));  // Convert capture character to lower-case.
    __ cmpb(rax, rdx);
    __ j(not_equal, on_no_match);  // Definitely not equal.
    __ subb(rax, Immediate('a'));
    __ cmpb(rax, Immediate('z' - 'a'));
    __ j(below_equal, &loop_increment);  // In range 'a'-'z'.
    // Latin-1: Check for values in range [224,254] but not 247.
    __ subb(rax, Immediate(224 - 'a'));
    __ cmpb(rax, Immediate(254 - 224));
    __ j(above, on_no_match);  // Weren't Latin-1 letters.
    __ cmpb(rax, Immediate(247 - 224));  // Check for 247.
    __ j(equal, on_no_match);
    __ bind(&loop_increment);
    // Increment pointers into match and capture strings.
    __ addq(r11, Immediate(1));
    __ addq(r9, Immediate(1));
    // Compare to end of capture, and loop if not done.
    __ cmpq(r9, rbx);
    __ j(below, &loop);

    // Compute new value of character position after the matched part.
    __ movq(rdi, r11);
    __ subq(rdi, rsi);
    if (read_backward) {
      // Subtract match length if we matched backward.
      __ addq(rdi, register_location(start_reg));
      __ subq(rdi, register_location(start_reg + 1));
    }
  } else {
    DCHECK(mode_ == UC16);
    // Save important/volatile registers before calling C function.
#ifndef _WIN64
    // Caller save on Linux and callee save in Windows.
    __ pushq(rsi);
    __ pushq(rdi);
#endif
    __ pushq(backtrack_stackpointer());

    static const int num_arguments = 4;
    __ PrepareCallCFunction(num_arguments);

    // Put arguments into parameter registers. Parameters are
    //   Address byte_offset1 - Address captured substring's start.
    //   Address byte_offset2 - Address of current character position.
    //   size_t byte_length - length of capture in bytes(!)
//   Isolate* isolate or 0 if unicode flag.
#ifdef _WIN64
    DCHECK(rcx == arg_reg_1);
    DCHECK(rdx == arg_reg_2);
    // Compute and set byte_offset1 (start of capture).
    __ leaq(rcx, Operand(rsi, rdx, times_1, 0));
    // Set byte_offset2.
    __ leaq(rdx, Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, 0));
    if (read_backward) {
      __ subq(rdx, rbx);
    }
#else  // AMD64 calling convention
    DCHECK(rdi == arg_reg_1);
    DCHECK(rsi == arg_reg_2);
    // Compute byte_offset2 (current position = rsi+rdi).
    __ leaq(rax, Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, 0));
    // Compute and set byte_offset1 (start of capture).
    __ leaq(rdi, Operand(rsi, rdx, times_1, 0));
    // Set byte_offset2.
    __ movq(rsi, rax);
    if (read_backward) {
      __ subq(rsi, rbx);
    }
#endif  // _WIN64

    // Set byte_length.
    __ movq(arg_reg_3, rbx);
    // Isolate.
#ifdef V8_INTL_SUPPORT
    if (unicode) {
      __ movq(arg_reg_4, Immediate(0));
    } else  // NOLINT
#endif      // V8_INTL_SUPPORT
    {
      __ LoadAddress(arg_reg_4, ExternalReference::isolate_address(isolate()));
    }

    { // NOLINT: Can't find a way to open this scope without confusing the
      // linter.
      AllowExternalCallThatCantCauseGC scope(&masm_);
      ExternalReference compare =
          ExternalReference::re_case_insensitive_compare_uc16(isolate());
      __ CallCFunction(compare, num_arguments);
    }

    // Restore original values before reacting on result value.
    __ Move(code_object_pointer(), masm_.CodeObject());
    __ popq(backtrack_stackpointer());
#ifndef _WIN64
    __ popq(rdi);
    __ popq(rsi);
#endif

    // Check if function returned non-zero for success or zero for failure.
    __ testq(rax, rax);
    BranchOrBacktrack(zero, on_no_match);
    // On success, advance position by length of capture.
    // Requires that rbx is callee save (true for both Win64 and AMD64 ABIs).
    if (read_backward) {
      __ subq(rdi, rbx);
    } else {
      __ addq(rdi, rbx);
    }
  }
  __ bind(&fallthrough);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckNotBackReference(int start_reg,
                                                    bool read_backward,
                                                    Label* on_no_match) {
  Label fallthrough;

  // Find length of back-referenced capture.
  ReadPositionFromRegister(rdx, start_reg);  // Offset of start of capture
  ReadPositionFromRegister(rax, start_reg + 1);  // Offset of end of capture
  __ subq(rax, rdx);                             // Length to check.

  // At this point, the capture registers are either both set or both cleared.
  // If the capture length is zero, then the capture is either empty or cleared.
  // Fall through in both cases.
  __ j(equal, &fallthrough);

  // -----------------------
  // rdx - Start of capture
  // rax - length of capture
  // Check that there are sufficient characters left in the input.
  if (read_backward) {
    __ movl(rbx, Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne));
    __ addl(rbx, rax);
    __ cmpl(rdi, rbx);
    BranchOrBacktrack(less_equal, on_no_match);
  } else {
    __ movl(rbx, rdi);
    __ addl(rbx, rax);
    BranchOrBacktrack(greater, on_no_match);
  }

  // Compute pointers to match string and capture string
  __ leaq(rbx, Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, 0));  // Start of match.
  if (read_backward) {
    __ subq(rbx, rax);  // Offset by length when matching backwards.
  }
  __ addq(rdx, rsi);                           // Start of capture.
  __ leaq(r9, Operand(rdx, rax, times_1, 0));  // End of capture

  // -----------------------
  // rbx - current capture character address.
  // rbx - current input character address .
  // r9 - end of input to match (capture length after rbx).

  Label loop;
  __ bind(&loop);
  if (mode_ == LATIN1) {
    __ movzxbl(rax, Operand(rdx, 0));
    __ cmpb(rax, Operand(rbx, 0));
  } else {
    DCHECK(mode_ == UC16);
    __ movzxwl(rax, Operand(rdx, 0));
    __ cmpw(rax, Operand(rbx, 0));
  }
  BranchOrBacktrack(not_equal, on_no_match);
  // Increment pointers into capture and match string.
  __ addq(rbx, Immediate(char_size()));
  __ addq(rdx, Immediate(char_size()));
  // Check if we have reached end of match area.
  __ cmpq(rdx, r9);
  __ j(below, &loop);

  // Success.
  // Set current character position to position after match.
  __ movq(rdi, rbx);
  __ subq(rdi, rsi);
  if (read_backward) {
    // Subtract match length if we matched backward.
    __ addq(rdi, register_location(start_reg));
    __ subq(rdi, register_location(start_reg + 1));
  }

  __ bind(&fallthrough);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckNotCharacter(uint32_t c,
                                                Label* on_not_equal) {
  __ cmpl(current_character(), Immediate(c));
  BranchOrBacktrack(not_equal, on_not_equal);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckCharacterAfterAnd(uint32_t c,
                                                     uint32_t mask,
                                                     Label* on_equal) {
  if (c == 0) {
    __ testl(current_character(), Immediate(mask));
  } else {
    __ movl(rax, Immediate(mask));
    __ andq(rax, current_character());
    __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(c));
  }
  BranchOrBacktrack(equal, on_equal);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckNotCharacterAfterAnd(uint32_t c,
                                                        uint32_t mask,
                                                        Label* on_not_equal) {
  if (c == 0) {
    __ testl(current_character(), Immediate(mask));
  } else {
    __ movl(rax, Immediate(mask));
    __ andq(rax, current_character());
    __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(c));
  }
  BranchOrBacktrack(not_equal, on_not_equal);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckNotCharacterAfterMinusAnd(
    uc16 c,
    uc16 minus,
    uc16 mask,
    Label* on_not_equal) {
  DCHECK_GT(String::kMaxUtf16CodeUnit, minus);
  __ leal(rax, Operand(current_character(), -minus));
  __ andl(rax, Immediate(mask));
  __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(c));
  BranchOrBacktrack(not_equal, on_not_equal);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckCharacterInRange(
    uc16 from,
    uc16 to,
    Label* on_in_range) {
  __ leal(rax, Operand(current_character(), -from));
  __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(to - from));
  BranchOrBacktrack(below_equal, on_in_range);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckCharacterNotInRange(
    uc16 from,
    uc16 to,
    Label* on_not_in_range) {
  __ leal(rax, Operand(current_character(), -from));
  __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(to - from));
  BranchOrBacktrack(above, on_not_in_range);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckBitInTable(
    Handle<ByteArray> table,
    Label* on_bit_set) {
  __ Move(rax, table);
  Register index = current_character();
  if (mode_ != LATIN1 || kTableMask != String::kMaxOneByteCharCode) {
    __ movq(rbx, current_character());
    __ andq(rbx, Immediate(kTableMask));
    index = rbx;
  }
  __ cmpb(FieldOperand(rax, index, times_1, ByteArray::kHeaderSize),
          Immediate(0));
  BranchOrBacktrack(not_equal, on_bit_set);
}


bool RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckSpecialCharacterClass(uc16 type,
                                                         Label* on_no_match) {
  // Range checks (c in min..max) are generally implemented by an unsigned
  // (c - min) <= (max - min) check, using the sequence:
  //   leal(rax, Operand(current_character(), -min)) or sub(rax, Immediate(min))
  //   cmpl(rax, Immediate(max - min))
  switch (type) {
  case 's':
    // Match space-characters
    if (mode_ == LATIN1) {
      // One byte space characters are '\t'..'\r', ' ' and \u00a0.
      Label success;
      __ cmpl(current_character(), Immediate(' '));
      __ j(equal, &success, Label::kNear);
      // Check range 0x09..0x0D
      __ leal(rax, Operand(current_character(), -'\t'));
      __ cmpl(rax, Immediate('\r' - '\t'));
      __ j(below_equal, &success, Label::kNear);
      // \u00a0 (NBSP).
      __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(0x00A0 - '\t'));
      BranchOrBacktrack(not_equal, on_no_match);
      __ bind(&success);
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  case 'S':
    // The emitted code for generic character classes is good enough.
    return false;
  case 'd':
    // Match ASCII digits ('0'..'9')
    __ leal(rax, Operand(current_character(), -'0'));
    __ cmpl(rax, Immediate('9' - '0'));
    BranchOrBacktrack(above, on_no_match);
    return true;
  case 'D':
    // Match non ASCII-digits
    __ leal(rax, Operand(current_character(), -'0'));
    __ cmpl(rax, Immediate('9' - '0'));
    BranchOrBacktrack(below_equal, on_no_match);
    return true;
  case '.': {
    // Match non-newlines (not 0x0A('\n'), 0x0D('\r'), 0x2028 and 0x2029)
    __ movl(rax, current_character());
    __ xorl(rax, Immediate(0x01));
    // See if current character is '\n'^1 or '\r'^1, i.e., 0x0B or 0x0C
    __ subl(rax, Immediate(0x0B));
    __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(0x0C - 0x0B));
    BranchOrBacktrack(below_equal, on_no_match);
    if (mode_ == UC16) {
      // Compare original value to 0x2028 and 0x2029, using the already
      // computed (current_char ^ 0x01 - 0x0B). I.e., check for
      // 0x201D (0x2028 - 0x0B) or 0x201E.
      __ subl(rax, Immediate(0x2028 - 0x0B));
      __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(0x2029 - 0x2028));
      BranchOrBacktrack(below_equal, on_no_match);
    }
    return true;
  }
  case 'n': {
    // Match newlines (0x0A('\n'), 0x0D('\r'), 0x2028 and 0x2029)
    __ movl(rax, current_character());
    __ xorl(rax, Immediate(0x01));
    // See if current character is '\n'^1 or '\r'^1, i.e., 0x0B or 0x0C
    __ subl(rax, Immediate(0x0B));
    __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(0x0C - 0x0B));
    if (mode_ == LATIN1) {
      BranchOrBacktrack(above, on_no_match);
    } else {
      Label done;
      BranchOrBacktrack(below_equal, &done);
      // Compare original value to 0x2028 and 0x2029, using the already
      // computed (current_char ^ 0x01 - 0x0B). I.e., check for
      // 0x201D (0x2028 - 0x0B) or 0x201E.
      __ subl(rax, Immediate(0x2028 - 0x0B));
      __ cmpl(rax, Immediate(0x2029 - 0x2028));
      BranchOrBacktrack(above, on_no_match);
      __ bind(&done);
    }
    return true;
  }
  case 'w': {
    if (mode_ != LATIN1) {
      // Table is 256 entries, so all Latin1 characters can be tested.
      __ cmpl(current_character(), Immediate('z'));
      BranchOrBacktrack(above, on_no_match);
    }
    __ Move(rbx, ExternalReference::re_word_character_map(isolate()));
    DCHECK_EQ(0, word_character_map[0]);  // Character '\0' is not a word char.
    __ testb(Operand(rbx, current_character(), times_1, 0),
             current_character());
    BranchOrBacktrack(zero, on_no_match);
    return true;
  }
  case 'W': {
    Label done;
    if (mode_ != LATIN1) {
      // Table is 256 entries, so all Latin1 characters can be tested.
      __ cmpl(current_character(), Immediate('z'));
      __ j(above, &done);
    }
    __ Move(rbx, ExternalReference::re_word_character_map(isolate()));
    DCHECK_EQ(0, word_character_map[0]);  // Character '\0' is not a word char.
    __ testb(Operand(rbx, current_character(), times_1, 0),
             current_character());
    BranchOrBacktrack(not_zero, on_no_match);
    if (mode_ != LATIN1) {
      __ bind(&done);
    }
    return true;
  }

  case '*':
    // Match any character.
    return true;
  // No custom implementation (yet): s(UC16), S(UC16).
  default:
    return false;
  }
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Fail() {
  STATIC_ASSERT(FAILURE == 0);  // Return value for failure is zero.
  if (!global()) {
    __ Set(rax, FAILURE);
  }
  __ jmp(&exit_label_);
}


Handle<HeapObject> RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::GetCode(Handle<String> source) {
  Label return_rax;
  // Finalize code - write the entry point code now we know how many
  // registers we need.
  // Entry code:
  __ bind(&entry_label_);

  // Tell the system that we have a stack frame.  Because the type is MANUAL, no
  // is generated.
  FrameScope scope(&masm_, StackFrame::MANUAL);

  // Actually emit code to start a new stack frame.
  __ pushq(rbp);
  __ movq(rbp, rsp);
  // Save parameters and callee-save registers. Order here should correspond
  //  to order of kBackup_ebx etc.
#ifdef _WIN64
  // MSVC passes arguments in rcx, rdx, r8, r9, with backing stack slots.
  // Store register parameters in pre-allocated stack slots,
  __ movq(Operand(rbp, kInputString), rcx);
  __ movq(Operand(rbp, kStartIndex), rdx);  // Passed as int32 in edx.
  __ movq(Operand(rbp, kInputStart), r8);
  __ movq(Operand(rbp, kInputEnd), r9);
  // Callee-save on Win64.
  __ pushq(rsi);
  __ pushq(rdi);
  __ pushq(rbx);
#else
  // GCC passes arguments in rdi, rsi, rdx, rcx, r8, r9 (and then on stack).
  // Push register parameters on stack for reference.
  DCHECK_EQ(kInputString, -1 * kSystemPointerSize);
  DCHECK_EQ(kStartIndex, -2 * kSystemPointerSize);
  DCHECK_EQ(kInputStart, -3 * kSystemPointerSize);
  DCHECK_EQ(kInputEnd, -4 * kSystemPointerSize);
  DCHECK_EQ(kRegisterOutput, -5 * kSystemPointerSize);
  DCHECK_EQ(kNumOutputRegisters, -6 * kSystemPointerSize);
  __ pushq(rdi);
  __ pushq(rsi);
  __ pushq(rdx);
  __ pushq(rcx);
  __ pushq(r8);
  __ pushq(r9);

  __ pushq(rbx);  // Callee-save
#endif

  __ Push(Immediate(0));  // Number of successful matches in a global regexp.
  __ Push(Immediate(0));  // Make room for "string start - 1" constant.

  // Check if we have space on the stack for registers.
  Label stack_limit_hit;
  Label stack_ok;

  ExternalReference stack_limit =
      ExternalReference::address_of_stack_limit(isolate());
  __ movq(rcx, rsp);
  __ Move(kScratchRegister, stack_limit);
  __ subq(rcx, Operand(kScratchRegister, 0));
  // Handle it if the stack pointer is already below the stack limit.
  __ j(below_equal, &stack_limit_hit);
  // Check if there is room for the variable number of registers above
  // the stack limit.
  __ cmpq(rcx, Immediate(num_registers_ * kSystemPointerSize));
  __ j(above_equal, &stack_ok);
  // Exit with OutOfMemory exception. There is not enough space on the stack
  // for our working registers.
  __ Set(rax, EXCEPTION);
  __ jmp(&return_rax);

  __ bind(&stack_limit_hit);
  __ Move(code_object_pointer(), masm_.CodeObject());
  CallCheckStackGuardState();  // Preserves no registers beside rbp and rsp.
  __ testq(rax, rax);
  // If returned value is non-zero, we exit with the returned value as result.
  __ j(not_zero, &return_rax);

  __ bind(&stack_ok);

  // Allocate space on stack for registers.
  __ AllocateStackSpace(num_registers_ * kSystemPointerSize);
  // Load string length.
  __ movq(rsi, Operand(rbp, kInputEnd));
  // Load input position.
  __ movq(rdi, Operand(rbp, kInputStart));
  // Set up rdi to be negative offset from string end.
  __ subq(rdi, rsi);
  // Set rax to address of char before start of the string
  // (effectively string position -1).
  __ movq(rbx, Operand(rbp, kStartIndex));
  __ negq(rbx);
  if (mode_ == UC16) {
    __ leaq(rax, Operand(rdi, rbx, times_2, -char_size()));
  } else {
    __ leaq(rax, Operand(rdi, rbx, times_1, -char_size()));
  }
  // Store this value in a local variable, for use when clearing
  // position registers.
  __ movq(Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne), rax);

  // Initialize code object pointer.
  __ Move(code_object_pointer(), masm_.CodeObject());

  Label load_char_start_regexp, start_regexp;
  // Load newline if index is at start, previous character otherwise.
  __ cmpl(Operand(rbp, kStartIndex), Immediate(0));
  __ j(not_equal, &load_char_start_regexp, Label::kNear);
  __ Set(current_character(), '\n');
  __ jmp(&start_regexp, Label::kNear);

  // Global regexp restarts matching here.
  __ bind(&load_char_start_regexp);
  // Load previous char as initial value of current character register.
  LoadCurrentCharacterUnchecked(-1, 1);
  __ bind(&start_regexp);

  // Initialize on-stack registers.
  if (num_saved_registers_ > 0) {
    // Fill saved registers with initial value = start offset - 1
    // Fill in stack push order, to avoid accessing across an unwritten
    // page (a problem on Windows).
    if (num_saved_registers_ > 8) {
      __ Set(rcx, kRegisterZero);
      Label init_loop;
      __ bind(&init_loop);
      __ movq(Operand(rbp, rcx, times_1, 0), rax);
      __ subq(rcx, Immediate(kSystemPointerSize));
      __ cmpq(rcx, Immediate(kRegisterZero -
                             num_saved_registers_ * kSystemPointerSize));
      __ j(greater, &init_loop);
    } else {  // Unroll the loop.
      for (int i = 0; i < num_saved_registers_; i++) {
        __ movq(register_location(i), rax);
      }
    }
  }

  // Initialize backtrack stack pointer.
  __ movq(backtrack_stackpointer(), Operand(rbp, kStackHighEnd));

  __ jmp(&start_label_);

  // Exit code:
  if (success_label_.is_linked()) {
    // Save captures when successful.
    __ bind(&success_label_);
    if (num_saved_registers_ > 0) {
      // copy captures to output
      __ movq(rdx, Operand(rbp, kStartIndex));
      __ movq(rbx, Operand(rbp, kRegisterOutput));
      __ movq(rcx, Operand(rbp, kInputEnd));
      __ subq(rcx, Operand(rbp, kInputStart));
      if (mode_ == UC16) {
        __ leaq(rcx, Operand(rcx, rdx, times_2, 0));
      } else {
        __ addq(rcx, rdx);
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < num_saved_registers_; i++) {
        __ movq(rax, register_location(i));
        if (i == 0 && global_with_zero_length_check()) {
          // Keep capture start in rdx for the zero-length check later.
          __ movq(rdx, rax);
        }
        __ addq(rax, rcx);  // Convert to index from start, not end.
        if (mode_ == UC16) {
          __ sarq(rax, Immediate(1));  // Convert byte index to character index.
        }
        __ movl(Operand(rbx, i * kIntSize), rax);
      }
    }

    if (global()) {
      // Restart matching if the regular expression is flagged as global.
      // Increment success counter.
      __ incq(Operand(rbp, kSuccessfulCaptures));
      // Capture results have been stored, so the number of remaining global
      // output registers is reduced by the number of stored captures.
      __ movsxlq(rcx, Operand(rbp, kNumOutputRegisters));
      __ subq(rcx, Immediate(num_saved_registers_));
      // Check whether we have enough room for another set of capture results.
      __ cmpq(rcx, Immediate(num_saved_registers_));
      __ j(less, &exit_label_);

      __ movq(Operand(rbp, kNumOutputRegisters), rcx);
      // Advance the location for output.
      __ addq(Operand(rbp, kRegisterOutput),
              Immediate(num_saved_registers_ * kIntSize));

      // Prepare rax to initialize registers with its value in the next run.
      __ movq(rax, Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne));

      if (global_with_zero_length_check()) {
        // Special case for zero-length matches.
        // rdx: capture start index
        __ cmpq(rdi, rdx);
        // Not a zero-length match, restart.
        __ j(not_equal, &load_char_start_regexp);
        // rdi (offset from the end) is zero if we already reached the end.
        __ testq(rdi, rdi);
        __ j(zero, &exit_label_, Label::kNear);
        // Advance current position after a zero-length match.
        Label advance;
        __ bind(&advance);
        if (mode_ == UC16) {
          __ addq(rdi, Immediate(2));
        } else {
          __ incq(rdi);
        }
        if (global_unicode()) CheckNotInSurrogatePair(0, &advance);
      }

      __ jmp(&load_char_start_regexp);
    } else {
      __ movq(rax, Immediate(SUCCESS));
    }
  }

  __ bind(&exit_label_);
  if (global()) {
    // Return the number of successful captures.
    __ movq(rax, Operand(rbp, kSuccessfulCaptures));
  }

  __ bind(&return_rax);
#ifdef _WIN64
  // Restore callee save registers.
  __ leaq(rsp, Operand(rbp, kLastCalleeSaveRegister));
  __ popq(rbx);
  __ popq(rdi);
  __ popq(rsi);
  // Stack now at rbp.
#else
  // Restore callee save register.
  __ movq(rbx, Operand(rbp, kBackup_rbx));
  // Skip rsp to rbp.
  __ movq(rsp, rbp);
#endif
  // Exit function frame, restore previous one.
  __ popq(rbp);
  __ ret(0);

  // Backtrack code (branch target for conditional backtracks).
  if (backtrack_label_.is_linked()) {
    __ bind(&backtrack_label_);
    Backtrack();
  }

  Label exit_with_exception;

  // Preempt-code
  if (check_preempt_label_.is_linked()) {
    SafeCallTarget(&check_preempt_label_);

    __ pushq(backtrack_stackpointer());
    __ pushq(rdi);

    CallCheckStackGuardState();
    __ testq(rax, rax);
    // If returning non-zero, we should end execution with the given
    // result as return value.
    __ j(not_zero, &return_rax);

    // Restore registers.
    __ Move(code_object_pointer(), masm_.CodeObject());
    __ popq(rdi);
    __ popq(backtrack_stackpointer());
    // String might have moved: Reload esi from frame.
    __ movq(rsi, Operand(rbp, kInputEnd));
    SafeReturn();
  }

  // Backtrack stack overflow code.
  if (stack_overflow_label_.is_linked()) {
    SafeCallTarget(&stack_overflow_label_);
    // Reached if the backtrack-stack limit has been hit.

    // Save registers before calling C function
#ifndef _WIN64
    // Callee-save in Microsoft 64-bit ABI, but not in AMD64 ABI.
    __ pushq(rsi);
    __ pushq(rdi);
#endif

    // Call GrowStack(backtrack_stackpointer())
    static const int num_arguments = 3;
    __ PrepareCallCFunction(num_arguments);
#ifdef _WIN64
    // Microsoft passes parameters in rcx, rdx, r8.
    // First argument, backtrack stackpointer, is already in rcx.
    __ leaq(rdx, Operand(rbp, kStackHighEnd));  // Second argument
    __ LoadAddress(r8, ExternalReference::isolate_address(isolate()));
#else
    // AMD64 ABI passes parameters in rdi, rsi, rdx.
    __ movq(rdi, backtrack_stackpointer());     // First argument.
    __ leaq(rsi, Operand(rbp, kStackHighEnd));  // Second argument.
    __ LoadAddress(rdx, ExternalReference::isolate_address(isolate()));
#endif
    ExternalReference grow_stack =
        ExternalReference::re_grow_stack(isolate());
    __ CallCFunction(grow_stack, num_arguments);
    // If return nullptr, we have failed to grow the stack, and
    // must exit with a stack-overflow exception.
    __ testq(rax, rax);
    __ j(equal, &exit_with_exception);
    // Otherwise use return value as new stack pointer.
    __ movq(backtrack_stackpointer(), rax);
    // Restore saved registers and continue.
    __ Move(code_object_pointer(), masm_.CodeObject());
#ifndef _WIN64
    __ popq(rdi);
    __ popq(rsi);
#endif
    SafeReturn();
  }

  if (exit_with_exception.is_linked()) {
    // If any of the code above needed to exit with an exception.
    __ bind(&exit_with_exception);
    // Exit with Result EXCEPTION(-1) to signal thrown exception.
    __ Set(rax, EXCEPTION);
    __ jmp(&return_rax);
  }

  FixupCodeRelativePositions();

  CodeDesc code_desc;
  Isolate* isolate = this->isolate();
  masm_.GetCode(isolate, &code_desc);
  Handle<Code> code = Factory::CodeBuilder(isolate, code_desc, Code::REGEXP)
                          .set_self_reference(masm_.CodeObject())
                          .Build();
  PROFILE(isolate, RegExpCodeCreateEvent(AbstractCode::cast(*code), *source));
  return Handle<HeapObject>::cast(code);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::GoTo(Label* to) {
  BranchOrBacktrack(no_condition, to);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::IfRegisterGE(int reg,
                                           int comparand,
                                           Label* if_ge) {
  __ cmpq(register_location(reg), Immediate(comparand));
  BranchOrBacktrack(greater_equal, if_ge);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::IfRegisterLT(int reg,
                                           int comparand,
                                           Label* if_lt) {
  __ cmpq(register_location(reg), Immediate(comparand));
  BranchOrBacktrack(less, if_lt);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::IfRegisterEqPos(int reg,
                                              Label* if_eq) {
  __ cmpq(rdi, register_location(reg));
  BranchOrBacktrack(equal, if_eq);
}


RegExpMacroAssembler::IrregexpImplementation
    RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Implementation() {
  return kX64Implementation;
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::LoadCurrentCharacter(int cp_offset,
                                                   Label* on_end_of_input,
                                                   bool check_bounds,
                                                   int characters) {
  DCHECK(cp_offset < (1<<30));  // Be sane! (And ensure negation works)
  if (check_bounds) {
    if (cp_offset >= 0) {
      CheckPosition(cp_offset + characters - 1, on_end_of_input);
    } else {
      CheckPosition(cp_offset, on_end_of_input);
    }
  }
  LoadCurrentCharacterUnchecked(cp_offset, characters);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::PopCurrentPosition() {
  Pop(rdi);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::PopRegister(int register_index) {
  Pop(rax);
  __ movq(register_location(register_index), rax);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::PushBacktrack(Label* label) {
  Push(label);
  CheckStackLimit();
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::PushCurrentPosition() {
  Push(rdi);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::PushRegister(int register_index,
                                           StackCheckFlag check_stack_limit) {
  __ movq(rax, register_location(register_index));
  Push(rax);
  if (check_stack_limit) CheckStackLimit();
}

void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::ReadCurrentPositionFromRegister(int reg) {
  __ movq(rdi, register_location(reg));
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::ReadPositionFromRegister(Register dst, int reg) {
  __ movq(dst, register_location(reg));
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::ReadStackPointerFromRegister(int reg) {
  __ movq(backtrack_stackpointer(), register_location(reg));
  __ addq(backtrack_stackpointer(), Operand(rbp, kStackHighEnd));
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::SetCurrentPositionFromEnd(int by) {
  Label after_position;
  __ cmpq(rdi, Immediate(-by * char_size()));
  __ j(greater_equal, &after_position, Label::kNear);
  __ movq(rdi, Immediate(-by * char_size()));
  // On RegExp code entry (where this operation is used), the character before
  // the current position is expected to be already loaded.
  // We have advanced the position, so it's safe to read backwards.
  LoadCurrentCharacterUnchecked(-1, 1);
  __ bind(&after_position);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::SetRegister(int register_index, int to) {
  DCHECK(register_index >= num_saved_registers_);  // Reserved for positions!
  __ movq(register_location(register_index), Immediate(to));
}


bool RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Succeed() {
  __ jmp(&success_label_);
  return global();
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::WriteCurrentPositionToRegister(int reg,
                                                             int cp_offset) {
  if (cp_offset == 0) {
    __ movq(register_location(reg), rdi);
  } else {
    __ leaq(rax, Operand(rdi, cp_offset * char_size()));
    __ movq(register_location(reg), rax);
  }
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::ClearRegisters(int reg_from, int reg_to) {
  DCHECK(reg_from <= reg_to);
  __ movq(rax, Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne));
  for (int reg = reg_from; reg <= reg_to; reg++) {
    __ movq(register_location(reg), rax);
  }
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::WriteStackPointerToRegister(int reg) {
  __ movq(rax, backtrack_stackpointer());
  __ subq(rax, Operand(rbp, kStackHighEnd));
  __ movq(register_location(reg), rax);
}


// Private methods:

void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CallCheckStackGuardState() {
  // This function call preserves no register values. Caller should
  // store anything volatile in a C call or overwritten by this function.
  static const int num_arguments = 3;
  __ PrepareCallCFunction(num_arguments);
#ifdef _WIN64
  // Second argument: Code of self. (Do this before overwriting r8).
  __ movq(rdx, code_object_pointer());
  // Third argument: RegExp code frame pointer.
  __ movq(r8, rbp);
  // First argument: Next address on the stack (will be address of
  // return address).
  __ leaq(rcx, Operand(rsp, -kSystemPointerSize));
#else
  // Third argument: RegExp code frame pointer.
  __ movq(rdx, rbp);
  // Second argument: Code of self.
  __ movq(rsi, code_object_pointer());
  // First argument: Next address on the stack (will be address of
  // return address).
  __ leaq(rdi, Operand(rsp, -kSystemPointerSize));
#endif
  ExternalReference stack_check =
      ExternalReference::re_check_stack_guard_state(isolate());
  __ CallCFunction(stack_check, num_arguments);
}


// Helper function for reading a value out of a stack frame.
template <typename T>
static T& frame_entry(Address re_frame, int frame_offset) {
  return reinterpret_cast<T&>(Memory<int32_t>(re_frame + frame_offset));
}


template <typename T>
static T* frame_entry_address(Address re_frame, int frame_offset) {
  return reinterpret_cast<T*>(re_frame + frame_offset);
}

int RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckStackGuardState(Address* return_address,
                                                  Address raw_code,
                                                  Address re_frame) {
  Code re_code = Code::cast(Object(raw_code));
  return NativeRegExpMacroAssembler::CheckStackGuardState(
      frame_entry<Isolate*>(re_frame, kIsolate),
      frame_entry<int>(re_frame, kStartIndex),
      frame_entry<int>(re_frame, kDirectCall) == 1, return_address, re_code,
      frame_entry_address<Address>(re_frame, kInputString),
      frame_entry_address<const byte*>(re_frame, kInputStart),
      frame_entry_address<const byte*>(re_frame, kInputEnd));
}


Operand RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::register_location(int register_index) {
  DCHECK(register_index < (1<<30));
  if (num_registers_ <= register_index) {
    num_registers_ = register_index + 1;
  }
  return Operand(rbp, kRegisterZero - register_index * kSystemPointerSize);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckPosition(int cp_offset,
                                            Label* on_outside_input) {
  if (cp_offset >= 0) {
    __ cmpl(rdi, Immediate(-cp_offset * char_size()));
    BranchOrBacktrack(greater_equal, on_outside_input);
  } else {
    __ leaq(rax, Operand(rdi, cp_offset * char_size()));
    __ cmpq(rax, Operand(rbp, kStringStartMinusOne));
    BranchOrBacktrack(less_equal, on_outside_input);
  }
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::BranchOrBacktrack(Condition condition,
                                                Label* to) {
  if (condition < 0) {  // No condition
    if (to == nullptr) {
      Backtrack();
      return;
    }
    __ jmp(to);
    return;
  }
  if (to == nullptr) {
    __ j(condition, &backtrack_label_);
    return;
  }
  __ j(condition, to);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::SafeCall(Label* to) {
  __ call(to);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::SafeCallTarget(Label* label) {
  __ bind(label);
  __ subq(Operand(rsp, 0), code_object_pointer());
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::SafeReturn() {
  __ addq(Operand(rsp, 0), code_object_pointer());
  __ ret(0);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Push(Register source) {
  DCHECK(source != backtrack_stackpointer());
  // Notice: This updates flags, unlike normal Push.
  __ subq(backtrack_stackpointer(), Immediate(kIntSize));
  __ movl(Operand(backtrack_stackpointer(), 0), source);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Push(Immediate value) {
  // Notice: This updates flags, unlike normal Push.
  __ subq(backtrack_stackpointer(), Immediate(kIntSize));
  __ movl(Operand(backtrack_stackpointer(), 0), value);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::FixupCodeRelativePositions() {
  for (int position : code_relative_fixup_positions_) {
    // The position succeeds a relative label offset from position.
    // Patch the relative offset to be relative to the Code object pointer
    // instead.
    int patch_position = position - kIntSize;
    int offset = masm_.long_at(patch_position);
    masm_.long_at_put(patch_position,
                       offset
                       + position
                       + Code::kHeaderSize
                       - kHeapObjectTag);
  }
  code_relative_fixup_positions_.Rewind(0);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Push(Label* backtrack_target) {
  __ subq(backtrack_stackpointer(), Immediate(kIntSize));
  __ movl(Operand(backtrack_stackpointer(), 0), backtrack_target);
  MarkPositionForCodeRelativeFixup();
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Pop(Register target) {
  DCHECK(target != backtrack_stackpointer());
  __ movsxlq(target, Operand(backtrack_stackpointer(), 0));
  // Notice: This updates flags, unlike normal Pop.
  __ addq(backtrack_stackpointer(), Immediate(kIntSize));
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::Drop() {
  __ addq(backtrack_stackpointer(), Immediate(kIntSize));
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckPreemption() {
  // Check for preemption.
  Label no_preempt;
  ExternalReference stack_limit =
      ExternalReference::address_of_stack_limit(isolate());
  __ load_rax(stack_limit);
  __ cmpq(rsp, rax);
  __ j(above, &no_preempt);

  SafeCall(&check_preempt_label_);

  __ bind(&no_preempt);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::CheckStackLimit() {
  Label no_stack_overflow;
  ExternalReference stack_limit =
      ExternalReference::address_of_regexp_stack_limit(isolate());
  __ load_rax(stack_limit);
  __ cmpq(backtrack_stackpointer(), rax);
  __ j(above, &no_stack_overflow);

  SafeCall(&stack_overflow_label_);

  __ bind(&no_stack_overflow);
}


void RegExpMacroAssemblerX64::LoadCurrentCharacterUnchecked(int cp_offset,
                                                            int characters) {
  if (mode_ == LATIN1) {
    if (characters == 4) {
      __ movl(current_character(), Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, cp_offset));
    } else if (characters == 2) {
      __ movzxwl(current_character(), Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, cp_offset));
    } else {
      DCHECK_EQ(1, characters);
      __ movzxbl(current_character(), Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, cp_offset));
    }
  } else {
    DCHECK(mode_ == UC16);
    if (characters == 2) {
      __ movl(current_character(),
              Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, cp_offset * sizeof(uc16)));
    } else {
      DCHECK_EQ(1, characters);
      __ movzxwl(current_character(),
                 Operand(rsi, rdi, times_1, cp_offset * sizeof(uc16)));
    }
  }
}

#undef __

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace v8

#endif  // V8_TARGET_ARCH_X64