blob: 54ec832b8d4308a34d5c52ce3125e9a6d44620c9 [file] [log] [blame]
// Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#include "net/http/transport_security_persister.h"
#include <memory>
#include <utility>
#include "base/base64.h"
#include "base/bind.h"
#include "base/feature_list.h"
#include "base/files/file_path.h"
#include "base/files/file_util.h"
#include "base/json/json_reader.h"
#include "base/json/json_writer.h"
#include "base/location.h"
#include "base/sequenced_task_runner.h"
#include "base/task_runner_util.h"
#include "base/threading/thread_task_runner_handle.h"
#include "base/values.h"
#include "crypto/sha2.h"
#include "net/cert/x509_certificate.h"
#include "net/http/transport_security_state.h"
namespace net {
namespace {
std::unique_ptr<base::ListValue> SPKIHashesToListValue(
const HashValueVector& hashes) {
auto pins = std::make_unique<base::ListValue>();
for (size_t i = 0; i != hashes.size(); i++)
pins->AppendString(hashes[i].ToString());
return pins;
}
void SPKIHashesFromListValue(const base::ListValue& pins,
HashValueVector* hashes) {
size_t num_pins = pins.GetSize();
for (size_t i = 0; i < num_pins; ++i) {
std::string type_and_base64;
HashValue fingerprint;
if (pins.GetString(i, &type_and_base64) &&
fingerprint.FromString(type_and_base64)) {
hashes->push_back(fingerprint);
}
}
}
// This function converts the binary hashes to a base64 string which we can
// include in a JSON file.
std::string HashedDomainToExternalString(const std::string& hashed) {
std::string out;
base::Base64Encode(hashed, &out);
return out;
}
// This inverts |HashedDomainToExternalString|, above. It turns an external
// string (from a JSON file) into an internal (binary) string.
std::string ExternalStringToHashedDomain(const std::string& external) {
std::string out;
if (!base::Base64Decode(external, &out) ||
out.size() != crypto::kSHA256Length) {
return std::string();
}
return out;
}
const char kIncludeSubdomains[] = "include_subdomains";
const char kStsIncludeSubdomains[] = "sts_include_subdomains";
const char kPkpIncludeSubdomains[] = "pkp_include_subdomains";
const char kMode[] = "mode";
const char kExpiry[] = "expiry";
const char kDynamicSPKIHashesExpiry[] = "dynamic_spki_hashes_expiry";
const char kDynamicSPKIHashes[] = "dynamic_spki_hashes";
const char kForceHTTPS[] = "force-https";
const char kStrict[] = "strict";
const char kDefault[] = "default";
const char kPinningOnly[] = "pinning-only";
const char kCreated[] = "created";
const char kStsObserved[] = "sts_observed";
const char kPkpObserved[] = "pkp_observed";
const char kReportUri[] = "report-uri";
// The keys below are contained in a subdictionary keyed as
// |kExpectCTSubdictionary|.
const char kExpectCTSubdictionary[] = "expect_ct";
const char kExpectCTExpiry[] = "expect_ct_expiry";
const char kExpectCTObserved[] = "expect_ct_observed";
const char kExpectCTEnforce[] = "expect_ct_enforce";
const char kExpectCTReportUri[] = "expect_ct_report_uri";
std::string LoadState(const base::FilePath& path) {
std::string result;
if (!base::ReadFileToString(path, &result)) {
return "";
}
return result;
}
bool IsDynamicExpectCTEnabled() {
return base::FeatureList::IsEnabled(
TransportSecurityState::kDynamicExpectCTFeature);
}
// Populates |host| with default values for the STS and PKP states.
// These default values represent "null" states and are only useful to keep
// the entries in the resulting JSON consistent. The deserializer will ignore
// "null" states.
// TODO(davidben): This can be removed when the STS and PKP states are stored
// independently on disk. https://crbug.com/470295
void PopulateEntryWithDefaults(base::DictionaryValue* host) {
host->Clear();
// STS default values.
host->SetBoolean(kStsIncludeSubdomains, false);
host->SetDouble(kStsObserved, 0.0);
host->SetDouble(kExpiry, 0.0);
host->SetString(kMode, kDefault);
// PKP default values.
host->SetBoolean(kPkpIncludeSubdomains, false);
host->SetDouble(kPkpObserved, 0.0);
host->SetDouble(kDynamicSPKIHashesExpiry, 0.0);
}
// Serializes STS data from |state| into |toplevel|. Any existing state in
// |toplevel| for each item is overwritten.
void SerializeSTSData(TransportSecurityState* state,
base::DictionaryValue* toplevel) {
TransportSecurityState::STSStateIterator sts_iterator(*state);
for (; sts_iterator.HasNext(); sts_iterator.Advance()) {
const std::string& hostname = sts_iterator.hostname();
const TransportSecurityState::STSState& sts_state =
sts_iterator.domain_state();
const std::string key = HashedDomainToExternalString(hostname);
std::unique_ptr<base::DictionaryValue> serialized(
new base::DictionaryValue);
PopulateEntryWithDefaults(serialized.get());
serialized->SetBoolean(kStsIncludeSubdomains, sts_state.include_subdomains);
serialized->SetDouble(kStsObserved, sts_state.last_observed.ToDoubleT());
serialized->SetDouble(kExpiry, sts_state.expiry.ToDoubleT());
switch (sts_state.upgrade_mode) {
case TransportSecurityState::STSState::MODE_FORCE_HTTPS:
serialized->SetString(kMode, kForceHTTPS);
break;
case TransportSecurityState::STSState::MODE_DEFAULT:
serialized->SetString(kMode, kDefault);
break;
default:
NOTREACHED() << "STSState with unknown mode";
continue;
}
toplevel->Set(key, std::move(serialized));
}
}
// Serializes PKP data from |state| into |toplevel|. For each PKP item in
// |state|, if |toplevel| already contains an item for that hostname, the item
// is updated with the PKP data.
void SerializePKPData(TransportSecurityState* state,
base::DictionaryValue* toplevel) {
base::Time now = base::Time::Now();
TransportSecurityState::PKPStateIterator pkp_iterator(*state);
for (; pkp_iterator.HasNext(); pkp_iterator.Advance()) {
const std::string& hostname = pkp_iterator.hostname();
const TransportSecurityState::PKPState& pkp_state =
pkp_iterator.domain_state();
// See if the current |hostname| already has STS state and, if so, update
// that entry.
const std::string key = HashedDomainToExternalString(hostname);
base::DictionaryValue* serialized = nullptr;
if (!toplevel->GetDictionary(key, &serialized)) {
std::unique_ptr<base::DictionaryValue> serialized_scoped(
new base::DictionaryValue);
serialized = serialized_scoped.get();
PopulateEntryWithDefaults(serialized);
toplevel->Set(key, std::move(serialized_scoped));
}
serialized->SetBoolean(kPkpIncludeSubdomains, pkp_state.include_subdomains);
serialized->SetDouble(kPkpObserved, pkp_state.last_observed.ToDoubleT());
serialized->SetDouble(kDynamicSPKIHashesExpiry,
pkp_state.expiry.ToDoubleT());
// TODO(svaldez): Historically, both SHA-1 and SHA-256 hashes were
// accepted in pins. Per spec, only SHA-256 is accepted now, however
// existing serialized pins are still processed. Migrate historical pins
// with SHA-1 hashes properly, either by dropping just the bad hashes or
// the entire pin. See https://crbug.com/448501.
if (now < pkp_state.expiry) {
serialized->Set(kDynamicSPKIHashes,
SPKIHashesToListValue(pkp_state.spki_hashes));
}
serialized->SetString(kReportUri, pkp_state.report_uri.spec());
}
}
// Serializes Expect-CT data from |state| into |toplevel|. For each Expect-CT
// item in |state|, if |toplevel| already contains an item for that hostname,
// the item is updated to include a subdictionary with key
// |kExpectCTSubdictionary|; otherwise an item is created for that hostname with
// a |kExpectCTSubdictionary| subdictionary.
void SerializeExpectCTData(TransportSecurityState* state,
base::DictionaryValue* toplevel) {
if (!IsDynamicExpectCTEnabled())
return;
TransportSecurityState::ExpectCTStateIterator expect_ct_iterator(*state);
for (; expect_ct_iterator.HasNext(); expect_ct_iterator.Advance()) {
const std::string& hostname = expect_ct_iterator.hostname();
const TransportSecurityState::ExpectCTState& expect_ct_state =
expect_ct_iterator.domain_state();
// See if the current |hostname| already has STS/PKP state and, if so,
// update that entry.
const std::string key = HashedDomainToExternalString(hostname);
base::DictionaryValue* serialized = nullptr;
if (!toplevel->GetDictionary(key, &serialized)) {
std::unique_ptr<base::DictionaryValue> serialized_scoped(
new base::DictionaryValue);
serialized = serialized_scoped.get();
PopulateEntryWithDefaults(serialized);
toplevel->Set(key, std::move(serialized_scoped));
}
std::unique_ptr<base::DictionaryValue> expect_ct_subdictionary(
new base::DictionaryValue());
expect_ct_subdictionary->SetDouble(
kExpectCTObserved, expect_ct_state.last_observed.ToDoubleT());
expect_ct_subdictionary->SetDouble(kExpectCTExpiry,
expect_ct_state.expiry.ToDoubleT());
expect_ct_subdictionary->SetBoolean(kExpectCTEnforce,
expect_ct_state.enforce);
expect_ct_subdictionary->SetString(kExpectCTReportUri,
expect_ct_state.report_uri.spec());
serialized->Set(kExpectCTSubdictionary, std::move(expect_ct_subdictionary));
}
}
// Populates |state| with the values in the |kExpectCTSubdictionary|
// subdictionary in |parsed|. Returns false if |parsed| is malformed
// (e.g. missing a required Expect-CT key) and true otherwise. Note that true
// does not necessarily mean that Expect-CT state was present in |parsed|.
bool DeserializeExpectCTState(const base::DictionaryValue* parsed,
TransportSecurityState::ExpectCTState* state) {
const base::DictionaryValue* expect_ct_subdictionary;
if (!parsed->GetDictionary(kExpectCTSubdictionary,
&expect_ct_subdictionary)) {
// Expect-CT data is not required, so this item is not malformed.
return true;
}
double observed;
bool has_observed =
expect_ct_subdictionary->GetDouble(kExpectCTObserved, &observed);
double expiry;
bool has_expiry =
expect_ct_subdictionary->GetDouble(kExpectCTExpiry, &expiry);
bool enforce;
bool has_enforce =
expect_ct_subdictionary->GetBoolean(kExpectCTEnforce, &enforce);
std::string report_uri_str;
bool has_report_uri =
expect_ct_subdictionary->GetString(kExpectCTReportUri, &report_uri_str);
// If an Expect-CT subdictionary is present, it must have the required keys.
if (!has_observed || !has_expiry || !has_enforce)
return false;
state->last_observed = base::Time::FromDoubleT(observed);
state->expiry = base::Time::FromDoubleT(expiry);
state->enforce = enforce;
if (has_report_uri) {
GURL report_uri(report_uri_str);
if (report_uri.is_valid())
state->report_uri = report_uri;
}
return true;
}
} // namespace
TransportSecurityPersister::TransportSecurityPersister(
TransportSecurityState* state,
const base::FilePath& profile_path,
const scoped_refptr<base::SequencedTaskRunner>& background_runner)
: transport_security_state_(state),
writer_(profile_path.AppendASCII("TransportSecurity"), background_runner),
foreground_runner_(base::ThreadTaskRunnerHandle::Get()),
background_runner_(background_runner),
weak_ptr_factory_(this) {
transport_security_state_->SetDelegate(this);
base::PostTaskAndReplyWithResult(
background_runner_.get(), FROM_HERE,
base::Bind(&LoadState, writer_.path()),
base::Bind(&TransportSecurityPersister::CompleteLoad,
weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
}
TransportSecurityPersister::~TransportSecurityPersister() {
DCHECK(foreground_runner_->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence());
if (writer_.HasPendingWrite())
writer_.DoScheduledWrite();
transport_security_state_->SetDelegate(NULL);
}
void TransportSecurityPersister::StateIsDirty(TransportSecurityState* state) {
DCHECK(foreground_runner_->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence());
DCHECK_EQ(transport_security_state_, state);
writer_.ScheduleWrite(this);
}
bool TransportSecurityPersister::SerializeData(std::string* output) {
DCHECK(foreground_runner_->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence());
base::DictionaryValue toplevel;
// TODO(davidben): Fix the serialization format by splitting the on-disk
// representation of the STS and PKP states. https://crbug.com/470295.
SerializeSTSData(transport_security_state_, &toplevel);
SerializePKPData(transport_security_state_, &toplevel);
SerializeExpectCTData(transport_security_state_, &toplevel);
base::JSONWriter::WriteWithOptions(
toplevel, base::JSONWriter::OPTIONS_PRETTY_PRINT, output);
return true;
}
bool TransportSecurityPersister::LoadEntries(const std::string& serialized,
bool* dirty) {
DCHECK(foreground_runner_->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence());
transport_security_state_->ClearDynamicData();
return Deserialize(serialized, dirty, transport_security_state_);
}
// static
bool TransportSecurityPersister::Deserialize(const std::string& serialized,
bool* dirty,
TransportSecurityState* state) {
std::unique_ptr<base::Value> value = base::JSONReader::Read(serialized);
base::DictionaryValue* dict_value = NULL;
if (!value.get() || !value->GetAsDictionary(&dict_value))
return false;
const base::Time current_time(base::Time::Now());
bool dirtied = false;
for (base::DictionaryValue::Iterator i(*dict_value);
!i.IsAtEnd(); i.Advance()) {
const base::DictionaryValue* parsed = NULL;
if (!i.value().GetAsDictionary(&parsed)) {
LOG(WARNING) << "Could not parse entry " << i.key() << "; skipping entry";
continue;
}
TransportSecurityState::STSState sts_state;
TransportSecurityState::PKPState pkp_state;
TransportSecurityState::ExpectCTState expect_ct_state;
// kIncludeSubdomains is a legacy synonym for kStsIncludeSubdomains and
// kPkpIncludeSubdomains. Parse at least one of these properties,
// preferably the new ones.
bool include_subdomains = false;
bool parsed_include_subdomains = parsed->GetBoolean(kIncludeSubdomains,
&include_subdomains);
sts_state.include_subdomains = include_subdomains;
pkp_state.include_subdomains = include_subdomains;
if (parsed->GetBoolean(kStsIncludeSubdomains, &include_subdomains)) {
sts_state.include_subdomains = include_subdomains;
parsed_include_subdomains = true;
}
if (parsed->GetBoolean(kPkpIncludeSubdomains, &include_subdomains)) {
pkp_state.include_subdomains = include_subdomains;
parsed_include_subdomains = true;
}
std::string mode_string;
double expiry = 0;
if (!parsed_include_subdomains ||
!parsed->GetString(kMode, &mode_string) ||
!parsed->GetDouble(kExpiry, &expiry)) {
LOG(WARNING) << "Could not parse some elements of entry " << i.key()
<< "; skipping entry";
continue;
}
// Don't fail if this key is not present.
double dynamic_spki_hashes_expiry = 0;
parsed->GetDouble(kDynamicSPKIHashesExpiry,
&dynamic_spki_hashes_expiry);
const base::ListValue* pins_list = NULL;
if (parsed->GetList(kDynamicSPKIHashes, &pins_list)) {
SPKIHashesFromListValue(*pins_list, &pkp_state.spki_hashes);
}
if (mode_string == kForceHTTPS || mode_string == kStrict) {
sts_state.upgrade_mode =
TransportSecurityState::STSState::MODE_FORCE_HTTPS;
} else if (mode_string == kDefault || mode_string == kPinningOnly) {
sts_state.upgrade_mode = TransportSecurityState::STSState::MODE_DEFAULT;
} else {
LOG(WARNING) << "Unknown TransportSecurityState mode string "
<< mode_string << " found for entry " << i.key()
<< "; skipping entry";
continue;
}
sts_state.expiry = base::Time::FromDoubleT(expiry);
pkp_state.expiry = base::Time::FromDoubleT(dynamic_spki_hashes_expiry);
// Don't fail if this key is not present.
std::string report_uri_str;
parsed->GetString(kReportUri, &report_uri_str);
GURL report_uri(report_uri_str);
if (report_uri.is_valid())
pkp_state.report_uri = report_uri;
double sts_observed;
double pkp_observed;
if (parsed->GetDouble(kStsObserved, &sts_observed)) {
sts_state.last_observed = base::Time::FromDoubleT(sts_observed);
} else if (parsed->GetDouble(kCreated, &sts_observed)) {
// kCreated is a legacy synonym for both kStsObserved and kPkpObserved.
sts_state.last_observed = base::Time::FromDoubleT(sts_observed);
} else {
// We're migrating an old entry with no observation date. Make sure we
// write the new date back in a reasonable time frame.
dirtied = true;
sts_state.last_observed = base::Time::Now();
}
if (parsed->GetDouble(kPkpObserved, &pkp_observed)) {
pkp_state.last_observed = base::Time::FromDoubleT(pkp_observed);
} else if (parsed->GetDouble(kCreated, &pkp_observed)) {
pkp_state.last_observed = base::Time::FromDoubleT(pkp_observed);
} else {
dirtied = true;
pkp_state.last_observed = base::Time::Now();
}
if (!DeserializeExpectCTState(parsed, &expect_ct_state)) {
continue;
}
bool has_sts =
sts_state.expiry > current_time && sts_state.ShouldUpgradeToSSL();
bool has_pkp =
pkp_state.expiry > current_time && pkp_state.HasPublicKeyPins();
bool has_expect_ct =
expect_ct_state.expiry > current_time &&
(expect_ct_state.enforce || !expect_ct_state.report_uri.is_empty());
if (!has_sts && !has_pkp && !has_expect_ct) {
// Make sure we dirty the state if we drop an entry. The entries can only
// be dropped when all the STS, PKP, and Expect-CT states are expired or
// invalid.
dirtied = true;
continue;
}
std::string hashed = ExternalStringToHashedDomain(i.key());
if (hashed.empty()) {
dirtied = true;
continue;
}
// Until the on-disk storage is split, there will always be 'null' entries.
// We only register entries that have actual state.
if (has_sts)
state->AddOrUpdateEnabledSTSHosts(hashed, sts_state);
if (has_pkp)
state->AddOrUpdateEnabledPKPHosts(hashed, pkp_state);
if (has_expect_ct)
state->AddOrUpdateEnabledExpectCTHosts(hashed, expect_ct_state);
}
*dirty = dirtied;
return true;
}
void TransportSecurityPersister::CompleteLoad(const std::string& state) {
DCHECK(foreground_runner_->RunsTasksInCurrentSequence());
if (state.empty())
return;
bool dirty = false;
if (!LoadEntries(state, &dirty)) {
LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to deserialize state: " << state;
return;
}
if (dirty)
StateIsDirty(transport_security_state_);
}
} // namespace net