| /* |
| ******************************************************************************* |
| * |
| * © 2016 and later: Unicode, Inc. and others. |
| * License & terms of use: http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html |
| * |
| ******************************************************************************* |
| ******************************************************************************* |
| * |
| * Copyright (C) 2000-2014, International Business Machines |
| * Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved. |
| * |
| ******************************************************************************* |
| * file name: ustring.c |
| * encoding: UTF-8 |
| * tab size: 8 (not used) |
| * indentation:4 |
| * |
| * created on: 2000aug15 |
| * created by: Markus W. Scherer |
| * |
| * This file contains sample code that illustrates the use of Unicode strings |
| * with ICU. |
| */ |
| |
| #define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS 1 |
| #include <inttypes.h> |
| |
| #include <stdio.h> |
| #include "unicode/utypes.h" |
| #include "unicode/uchar.h" |
| #include "unicode/locid.h" |
| #include "unicode/ustring.h" |
| #include "unicode/ucnv.h" |
| #include "unicode/unistr.h" |
| |
| using namespace icu; |
| |
| #ifndef UPRV_LENGTHOF |
| #define UPRV_LENGTHOF(array) (int32_t)(sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0])) |
| #endif |
| |
| // helper functions -------------------------------------------------------- *** |
| |
| // default converter for the platform encoding |
| static UConverter *cnv=NULL; |
| |
| static void |
| printUString(const char *announce, const UChar *s, int32_t length) { |
| static char out[200]; |
| UChar32 c; |
| int32_t i; |
| UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| |
| /* |
| * Convert to the "platform encoding". See notes in printUnicodeString(). |
| * ucnv_fromUChars(), like most ICU APIs understands length==-1 |
| * to mean that the string is NUL-terminated. |
| */ |
| ucnv_fromUChars(cnv, out, sizeof(out), s, length, &errorCode); |
| if(U_FAILURE(errorCode) || errorCode==U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) { |
| printf("%sproblem converting string from Unicode: %s\n", announce, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| printf("%s%s {", announce, out); |
| |
| /* output the code points (not code units) */ |
| if(length>=0) { |
| /* s is not NUL-terminated */ |
| for(i=0; i<length; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c); |
| printf(" %04x", c); |
| } |
| } else { |
| /* s is NUL-terminated */ |
| for(i=0; /* condition in loop body */; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| U16_NEXT(s, i, length, c); |
| if(c==0) { |
| break; |
| } |
| printf(" %04x", c); |
| } |
| } |
| printf(" }\n"); |
| } |
| |
| static void |
| printUnicodeString(const char *announce, const UnicodeString &s) { |
| static char out[200]; |
| int32_t i, length; |
| |
| // output the string, converted to the platform encoding |
| |
| // Note for Windows: The "platform encoding" defaults to the "ANSI codepage", |
| // which is different from the "OEM codepage" in the console window. |
| // However, if you pipe the output into a file and look at it with Notepad |
| // or similar, then "ANSI" characters will show correctly. |
| // Production code should be aware of what encoding is required, |
| // and use a UConverter or at least a charset name explicitly. |
| out[s.extract(0, 99, out)]=0; |
| printf("%s%s {", announce, out); |
| |
| // output the code units (not code points) |
| length=s.length(); |
| for(i=0; i<length; ++i) { |
| printf(" %04x", s.charAt(i)); |
| } |
| printf(" }\n"); |
| } |
| |
| // sample code for utf.h macros -------------------------------------------- *** |
| |
| static void |
| demo_utf_h_macros() { |
| static UChar input[]={ 0x0061, 0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdbff, 0xdfff, 0x0062 }; |
| UChar32 c; |
| int32_t i; |
| UBool isError; |
| |
| printf("\n* demo_utf_h_macros() -------------- ***\n\n"); |
| |
| printUString("iterate forward through: ", input, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input)); |
| for(i=0; i<UPRV_LENGTHOF(input); /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| /* Iterating forwards |
| Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061 |
| Codepoint at offset 1: U+10000 |
| Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff |
| Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062 |
| */ |
| printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+", i); |
| U16_NEXT(input, i, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input), c); |
| printf("%04x\n", c); |
| } |
| |
| puts(""); |
| |
| isError=false; |
| i=1; /* write position, gets post-incremented so needs to be in an l-value */ |
| U16_APPEND(input, i, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input), 0x0062, isError); |
| |
| printUString("iterate backward through: ", input, UPRV_LENGTHOF(input)); |
| for(i=UPRV_LENGTHOF(input); i>0; /* U16_PREV pre-decrements */) { |
| U16_PREV(input, 0, i, c); |
| /* Iterating backwards |
| Codepoint at offset 5: U+0062 |
| Codepoint at offset 3: U+10ffff |
| Codepoint at offset 2: U+dc00 -- unpaired surrogate because lead surr. overwritten |
| Codepoint at offset 1: U+0062 -- by this BMP code point |
| Codepoint at offset 0: U+0061 |
| */ |
| printf("Codepoint at offset %d: U+%04x\n", i, c); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // sample code for Unicode strings in C ------------------------------------ *** |
| |
| static void demo_C_Unicode_strings() { |
| printf("\n* demo_C_Unicode_strings() --------- ***\n\n"); |
| |
| static const UChar text[]={ 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0 }; /* "ABC" */ |
| static const UChar appendText[]={ 0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0 }; /* "abc" */ |
| static const UChar cmpText[]={ 0x61, 0x53, 0x73, 0x43, 0 }; /* "aSsC" */ |
| UChar buffer[32]; |
| int32_t compare; |
| int32_t length=u_strlen(text); /* length=3 */ |
| |
| /* simple ANSI C-style functions */ |
| buffer[0]=0; /* empty, NUL-terminated string */ |
| u_strncat(buffer, text, 1); /* append just n=1 character ('A') */ |
| u_strcat(buffer, appendText); /* buffer=="Aabc" */ |
| length=u_strlen(buffer); /* length=4 */ |
| printUString("should be \"Aabc\": ", buffer, -1); |
| |
| /* bitwise comparing buffer with text */ |
| compare=u_strcmp(buffer, text); |
| if(compare<=0) { |
| printf("String comparison error, expected \"Aabc\" > \"ABC\"\n"); |
| } |
| |
| /* Build "A<sharp s>C" in the buffer... */ |
| u_strcpy(buffer, text); |
| buffer[1]=0xdf; /* sharp s, case-compares equal to "ss" */ |
| printUString("should be \"A<sharp s>C\": ", buffer, -1); |
| |
| /* Compare two strings case-insensitively using full case folding */ |
| compare=u_strcasecmp(buffer, cmpText, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT); |
| if(compare!=0) { |
| printf("String case insensitive comparison error, expected \"AbC\" to be equal to \"ABC\"\n"); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // sample code for case mappings with C APIs -------------------------------- *** |
| |
| static void demoCaseMapInC() { |
| /* |
| * input= |
| * "aB<capital sigma>" |
| * "iI<small dotless i><capital dotted I> " |
| * "<sharp s> <small lig. ffi>" |
| * "<small final sigma><small sigma><capital sigma>" |
| */ |
| static const UChar input[]={ |
| 0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3, |
| 0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20, |
| 0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03, |
| 0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0 |
| }; |
| UChar buffer[32]; |
| |
| UErrorCode errorCode; |
| UChar32 c; |
| int32_t i, j, length; |
| UBool isError; |
| |
| printf("\n* demoCaseMapInC() ----------------- ***\n\n"); |
| |
| /* |
| * First, use simple case mapping functions which provide |
| * 1:1 code point mappings without context/locale ID. |
| * |
| * Note that some mappings will not be "right" because some "real" |
| * case mappings require context, depend on the locale ID, |
| * and/or result in a change in the number of code points. |
| */ |
| printUString("input string: ", input, -1); |
| |
| /* uppercase */ |
| isError=false; |
| for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ |
| if(c==0) { |
| break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ |
| } |
| c=u_toupper(c); |
| U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); |
| } |
| printUString("simple-uppercased: ", buffer, j); |
| /* lowercase */ |
| isError=false; |
| for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ |
| if(c==0) { |
| break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ |
| } |
| c=u_tolower(c); |
| U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); |
| } |
| printUString("simple-lowercased: ", buffer, j); |
| /* titlecase */ |
| isError=false; |
| for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ |
| if(c==0) { |
| break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ |
| } |
| c=u_totitle(c); |
| U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); |
| } |
| printUString("simple-titlecased: ", buffer, j); |
| /* case-fold/default */ |
| isError=false; |
| for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ |
| if(c==0) { |
| break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ |
| } |
| c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT); |
| U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); |
| } |
| printUString("simple-case-folded/default: ", buffer, j); |
| /* case-fold/Turkic */ |
| isError=false; |
| for(i=j=0; j<UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer) && !isError; /* U16_NEXT post-increments */) { |
| U16_NEXT(input, i, INT32_MAX, c); /* without length because NUL-terminated */ |
| if(c==0) { |
| break; /* stop at terminating NUL, no need to terminate buffer */ |
| } |
| c=u_foldCase(c, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I); |
| U16_APPEND(buffer, j, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), c, isError); |
| } |
| printUString("simple-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, j); |
| |
| /* |
| * Second, use full case mapping functions which provide |
| * 1:n code point mappings (n can be 0!) and are sensitive to context and locale ID. |
| * |
| * Note that lower/upper/titlecasing take a locale ID while case-folding |
| * has bit flag options instead, by design of the Unicode SpecialCasing.txt UCD file. |
| * |
| * Also, string titlecasing requires a BreakIterator to find starts of words. |
| * The sample code here passes in a NULL pointer; u_strToTitle() will open and close a default |
| * titlecasing BreakIterator automatically. |
| * For production code where many strings are titlecased it would be more efficient |
| * to open a BreakIterator externally and pass it in. |
| */ |
| printUString("\ninput string: ", input, -1); |
| |
| /* lowercase/English */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strToLower(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-lowercased/en: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strToLower(en)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| /* lowercase/Turkish */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strToLower(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-lowercased/tr: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strToLower(tr)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| /* uppercase/English */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strToUpper(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "en", &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-uppercased/en: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strToUpper(en)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| /* uppercase/Turkish */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strToUpper(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, "tr", &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-uppercased/tr: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strToUpper(tr)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| /* titlecase/English */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strToTitle(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "en", &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-titlecased/en: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strToTitle(en)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| /* titlecase/Turkish */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strToTitle(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, NULL, "tr", &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-titlecased/tr: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strToTitle(tr)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| /* case-fold/default */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT, &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-case-folded/default: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strFoldCase(default)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| /* case-fold/Turkic */ |
| errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| length=u_strFoldCase(buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer), input, -1, U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I, &errorCode); |
| if(U_SUCCESS(errorCode)) { |
| printUString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", buffer, length); |
| } else { |
| printf("error in u_strFoldCase(Turkic)=%" PRId32 " error=%s\n", length, u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // sample code for case mappings with C++ APIs ------------------------------ *** |
| |
| static void demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() { |
| /* |
| * input= |
| * "aB<capital sigma>" |
| * "iI<small dotless i><capital dotted I> " |
| * "<sharp s> <small lig. ffi>" |
| * "<small final sigma><small sigma><capital sigma>" |
| */ |
| static const UChar input[]={ |
| 0x61, 0x42, 0x3a3, |
| 0x69, 0x49, 0x131, 0x130, 0x20, |
| 0xdf, 0x20, 0xfb03, |
| 0x3c2, 0x3c3, 0x3a3, 0 |
| }; |
| |
| printf("\n* demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus() --------- ***\n\n"); |
| |
| UnicodeString s(input), t; |
| const Locale &en=Locale::getEnglish(); |
| Locale tr("tr"); |
| |
| /* |
| * Full case mappings as in demoCaseMapInC(), using UnicodeString functions. |
| * These functions modify the string object itself. |
| * Since we want to keep the input string around, we copy it each time |
| * and case-map the copy. |
| */ |
| printUnicodeString("input string: ", s); |
| |
| /* lowercase/English */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/en: ", (t=s).toLower(en)); |
| /* lowercase/Turkish */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-lowercased/tr: ", (t=s).toLower(tr)); |
| /* uppercase/English */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/en: ", (t=s).toUpper(en)); |
| /* uppercase/Turkish */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-uppercased/tr: ", (t=s).toUpper(tr)); |
| /* titlecase/English */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/en: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, en)); |
| /* titlecase/Turkish */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-titlecased/tr: ", (t=s).toTitle(NULL, tr)); |
| /* case-folde/default */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/default: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_DEFAULT)); |
| /* case-folde/Turkic */ |
| printUnicodeString("full-case-folded/Turkic: ", (t=s).foldCase(U_FOLD_CASE_EXCLUDE_SPECIAL_I)); |
| } |
| |
| // sample code for UnicodeString storage models ----------------------------- *** |
| |
| static const UChar readonly[]={ |
| 0x61, 0x31, 0x20ac |
| }; |
| static UChar writeable[]={ |
| 0x62, 0x32, 0xdbc0, 0xdc01 // includes a surrogate pair for a supplementary code point |
| }; |
| static char out[100]; |
| |
| static void |
| demoUnicodeStringStorage() { |
| // These sample code lines illustrate how to use UnicodeString, and the |
| // comments tell what happens internally. There are no APIs to observe |
| // most of this programmatically, except for stepping into the code |
| // with a debugger. |
| // This is by design to hide such details from the user. |
| int32_t i; |
| |
| printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringStorage() ------- ***\n\n"); |
| |
| // * UnicodeString with internally stored contents |
| // instantiate a UnicodeString from a single code point |
| // the few (2) UChars will be stored in the object itself |
| UnicodeString one((UChar32)0x24001); |
| // this copies the few UChars into the "two" object |
| UnicodeString two=one; |
| printf("length of short string copy: %d\n", two.length()); |
| // set "one" to contain the 3 UChars from readonly |
| // this setTo() variant copies the characters |
| one.setTo(readonly, UPRV_LENGTHOF(readonly)); |
| |
| // * UnicodeString with allocated contents |
| // build a longer string that will not fit into the object's buffer |
| one+=UnicodeString(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); |
| one+=one; |
| one+=one; |
| printf("length of longer string: %d\n", one.length()); |
| // copying will use the same allocated buffer and increment the reference |
| // counter |
| two=one; |
| printf("length of longer string copy: %d\n", two.length()); |
| |
| // * UnicodeString using readonly-alias to a const UChar array |
| // construct a string that aliases a readonly buffer |
| UnicodeString three(false, readonly, UPRV_LENGTHOF(readonly)); |
| printUnicodeString("readonly-alias string: ", three); |
| // copy-on-write: any modification to the string results in |
| // a copy to either the internal buffer or to a newly allocated one |
| three.setCharAt(1, 0x39); |
| printUnicodeString("readonly-aliasing string after modification: ", three); |
| // the aliased array is not modified |
| for(i=0; i<three.length(); ++i) { |
| printf("readonly buffer[%d] after modifying its string: 0x%" PRId32 "\n", |
| i, readonly[i]); |
| } |
| // setTo() readonly alias |
| one.setTo(false, writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); |
| // copying the readonly-alias object with fastCopyFrom() (new in ICU 2.4) |
| // will readonly-alias the same buffer |
| two.fastCopyFrom(one); |
| printUnicodeString("fastCopyFrom(readonly alias of \"writeable\" array): ", two); |
| printf("verify that a fastCopyFrom(readonly alias) uses the same buffer pointer: %d (should be 1)\n", |
| one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer()); |
| // a normal assignment will clone the contents (new in ICU 2.4) |
| two=one; |
| printf("verify that a regular copy of a readonly alias uses a different buffer pointer: %d (should be 0)\n", |
| one.getBuffer()==two.getBuffer()); |
| |
| // * UnicodeString using writeable-alias to a non-const UChar array |
| UnicodeString four(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable), UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); |
| printUnicodeString("writeable-alias string: ", four); |
| // a modification writes through to the buffer |
| four.setCharAt(1, 0x39); |
| for(i=0; i<four.length(); ++i) { |
| printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%" PRId32 " " |
| "after modification\n", i, writeable[i]); |
| } |
| // a copy will not alias any more; |
| // instead, it will get a copy of the contents into allocated memory |
| two=four; |
| two.setCharAt(1, 0x21); |
| for(i=0; i<two.length(); ++i) { |
| printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%" PRId32 " after " |
| "modification of string copy\n", i, writeable[i]); |
| } |
| // setTo() writeable alias, capacity==length |
| one.setTo(writeable, UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable), UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)); |
| // grow the string - it will not fit into the backing buffer any more |
| // and will get copied before modification |
| one.append((UChar)0x40); |
| // shrink it back so it would fit |
| one.truncate(one.length()-1); |
| // we still operate on the copy |
| one.setCharAt(1, 0x25); |
| printf("string after growing too much and then shrinking[1]=0x%" PRId32 "\n" |
| " backing store for this[1]=0x%" PRId32 "\n", |
| one.charAt(1), writeable[1]); |
| // if we need it in the original buffer, then extract() to it |
| // extract() does not do anything if the string aliases that same buffer |
| // i=min(one.length(), length of array) |
| if(one.length()<UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable)) { |
| i=one.length(); |
| } else { |
| i=UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable); |
| } |
| one.extract(0, i, writeable); |
| for(i=0; i<UPRV_LENGTHOF(writeable); ++i) { |
| printf("writeable-alias backing buffer[%d]=0x%" PRId32 " after re-extract\n", |
| i, writeable[i]); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // sample code for UnicodeString instantiations ----------------------------- *** |
| |
| static void |
| demoUnicodeStringInit() { |
| // *** Make sure to read about invariant characters in utypes.h! *** |
| // Initialization of Unicode strings from C literals works _only_ for |
| // invariant characters! |
| |
| printf("\n* demoUnicodeStringInit() ---------- ***\n\n"); |
| |
| // the string literal is 32 chars long - this must be counted for the macro |
| UnicodeString invariantOnly=UNICODE_STRING("such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32); |
| |
| /* |
| * In C, we need two macros: one to declare the UChar[] array, and |
| * one to populate it; the second one is a noop on platforms where |
| * wchar_t is compatible with UChar and ASCII-based. |
| * The length of the string literal must be counted for both macros. |
| */ |
| /* declare the invString array for the string */ |
| U_STRING_DECL(invString, "such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32); |
| /* populate it with the characters */ |
| U_STRING_INIT(invString, "such characters are safe 123 %-.", 32); |
| |
| // compare the C and C++ strings |
| printf("C and C++ Unicode strings are equal: %d\n", invariantOnly==UnicodeString(true, invString, 32)); |
| |
| /* |
| * convert between char * and UChar * strings that |
| * contain only invariant characters |
| */ |
| static const char *cs1="such characters are safe 123 %-."; |
| static UChar us1[40]; |
| static char cs2[40]; |
| u_charsToUChars(cs1, us1, 33); /* include the terminating NUL */ |
| u_UCharsToChars(us1, cs2, 33); |
| printf("char * -> UChar * -> char * with only " |
| "invariant characters: \"%s\"\n", |
| cs2); |
| |
| // initialize a UnicodeString from a string literal that contains |
| // escape sequences written with invariant characters |
| // do not forget to duplicate the backslashes for ICU to see them |
| // then, count each double backslash only once! |
| UnicodeString german=UNICODE_STRING( |
| "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n", 64). |
| unescape(); |
| printUnicodeString("german UnicodeString from unescaping:\n ", german); |
| |
| /* |
| * C: convert and unescape a char * string with only invariant |
| * characters to fill a UChar * string |
| */ |
| UChar buffer[200]; |
| int32_t length; |
| length=u_unescape( |
| "Sch\\u00f6nes Auto: \\u20ac 11240.\\fPrivates Zeichen: \\U00102345\\n", |
| buffer, UPRV_LENGTHOF(buffer)); |
| printf("german C Unicode string from char * unescaping: (length %d)\n ", length); |
| printUnicodeString("", UnicodeString(buffer)); |
| } |
| |
| extern int |
| main(int argc, const char *argv[]) { |
| UErrorCode errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR; |
| |
| // Note: Using a global variable for any object is not exactly thread-safe... |
| |
| // You can change this call to e.g. ucnv_open("UTF-8", &errorCode) if you pipe |
| // the output to a file and look at it with a Unicode-capable editor. |
| // This will currently affect only the printUString() function, see the code above. |
| // printUnicodeString() could use this, too, by changing to an extract() overload |
| // that takes a UConverter argument. |
| cnv=ucnv_open(NULL, &errorCode); |
| if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) { |
| fprintf(stderr, "error %s opening the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| return errorCode; |
| } |
| |
| ucnv_setFromUCallBack(cnv, UCNV_FROM_U_CALLBACK_ESCAPE, UCNV_ESCAPE_C, NULL, NULL, &errorCode); |
| if(U_FAILURE(errorCode)) { |
| fprintf(stderr, "error %s setting the escape callback in the default converter\n", u_errorName(errorCode)); |
| ucnv_close(cnv); |
| return errorCode; |
| } |
| |
| demo_utf_h_macros(); |
| demo_C_Unicode_strings(); |
| demoCaseMapInC(); |
| demoCaseMapInCPlusPlus(); |
| demoUnicodeStringStorage(); |
| demoUnicodeStringInit(); |
| |
| ucnv_close(cnv); |
| return 0; |
| } |
