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//===-- EmulateInstruction.h ------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#ifndef lldb_EmulateInstruction_h_
#define lldb_EmulateInstruction_h_
#include <string>
#include "lldb/Core/Address.h" // for Address
#include "lldb/Core/Opcode.h"
#include "lldb/Core/PluginInterface.h"
#include "lldb/Utility/ArchSpec.h"
#include "lldb/lldb-defines.h" // for DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN
#include "lldb/lldb-enumerations.h" // for RegisterKind, ByteOrder
#include "lldb/lldb-private-enumerations.h" // for InstructionType
#include "lldb/lldb-private-types.h" // for RegisterInfo
#include "lldb/lldb-types.h" // for addr_t
#include <stddef.h> // for size_t
#include <stdint.h> // for uint32_t, uint64_t, int64_t
namespace lldb_private {
class OptionValueDictionary;
}
namespace lldb_private {
class RegisterContext;
}
namespace lldb_private {
class RegisterValue;
}
namespace lldb_private {
class Stream;
}
namespace lldb_private {
class Target;
}
namespace lldb_private {
class UnwindPlan;
}
namespace lldb_private {
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
/// @class EmulateInstruction EmulateInstruction.h
/// "lldb/Core/EmulateInstruction.h"
/// A class that allows emulation of CPU opcodes.
///
/// This class is a plug-in interface that is accessed through the standard
/// static FindPlugin function call in the EmulateInstruction class. The
/// FindPlugin takes a target triple and returns a new object if there is a
/// plug-in that supports the architecture and OS. Four callbacks and a baton
/// are provided. The four callbacks are read register, write register, read
/// memory and write memory.
///
/// This class is currently designed for these main use cases: - Auto
/// generation of Call Frame Information (CFI) from assembly code - Predicting
/// single step breakpoint locations - Emulating instructions for breakpoint
/// traps
///
/// Objects can be asked to read an instruction which will cause a call to the
/// read register callback to get the PC, followed by a read memory call to
/// read the opcode. If ReadInstruction () returns true, then a call to
/// EmulateInstruction::EvaluateInstruction () can be made. At this point the
/// EmulateInstruction subclass will use all of the callbacks to emulate an
/// instruction.
///
/// Clients that provide the callbacks can either do the read/write
/// registers/memory to actually emulate the instruction on a real or virtual
/// CPU, or watch for the EmulateInstruction::Context which is context for the
/// read/write register/memory which explains why the callback is being
/// called. Examples of a context are: "pushing register 3 onto the stack at
/// offset -12", or "adjusting stack pointer by -16". This extra context
/// allows the generation of
/// CFI information from assembly code without having to actually do
/// the read/write register/memory.
///
/// Clients must be prepared that not all instructions for an Instruction Set
/// Architecture (ISA) will be emulated.
///
/// Subclasses at the very least should implement the instructions that save
/// and restore registers onto the stack and adjustment to the stack pointer.
/// By just implementing a few instructions for an ISA that are the typical
/// prologue opcodes, you can then generate CFI using a class that will soon
/// be available.
///
/// Implementing all of the instructions that affect the PC can then allow
/// single step prediction support.
///
/// Implementing all of the instructions allows for emulation of opcodes for
/// breakpoint traps and will pave the way for "thread centric" debugging. The
/// current debugging model is "process centric" where all threads must be
/// stopped when any thread is stopped; when hitting software breakpoints we
/// must disable the breakpoint by restoring the original breakpoint opcode,
/// single stepping and restoring the breakpoint trap. If all threads were
/// allowed to run then other threads could miss the breakpoint.
///
/// This class centralizes the code that usually is done in separate code
/// paths in a debugger (single step prediction, finding save restore
/// locations of registers for unwinding stack frame variables) and emulating
/// the instruction is just a bonus.
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
class EmulateInstruction : public PluginInterface {
public:
static EmulateInstruction *FindPlugin(const ArchSpec &arch,
InstructionType supported_inst_type,
const char *plugin_name);
enum ContextType {
eContextInvalid = 0,
// Read an instruction opcode from memory
eContextReadOpcode,
// Usually used for writing a register value whose source value is an
// immediate
eContextImmediate,
// Exclusively used when saving a register to the stack as part of the
// prologue
eContextPushRegisterOnStack,
// Exclusively used when restoring a register off the stack as part of the
// epilogue
eContextPopRegisterOffStack,
// Add or subtract a value from the stack
eContextAdjustStackPointer,
// Adjust the frame pointer for the current frame
eContextSetFramePointer,
// Typically in an epilogue sequence. Copy the frame pointer back into the
// stack pointer, use SP for CFA calculations again.
eContextRestoreStackPointer,
// Add or subtract a value from a base address register (other than SP)
eContextAdjustBaseRegister,
// Add or subtract a value from the PC or store a value to the PC.
eContextAdjustPC,
// Used in WriteRegister callbacks to indicate where the
eContextRegisterPlusOffset,
// Used in WriteMemory callback to indicate where the data came from
eContextRegisterStore,
eContextRegisterLoad,
// Used when performing a PC-relative branch where the
eContextRelativeBranchImmediate,
// Used when performing an absolute branch where the
eContextAbsoluteBranchRegister,
// Used when performing a supervisor call to an operating system to provide
// a service:
eContextSupervisorCall,
// Used when performing a MemU operation to read the PC-relative offset
// from an address.
eContextTableBranchReadMemory,
// Used when random bits are written into a register
eContextWriteRegisterRandomBits,
// Used when random bits are written to memory
eContextWriteMemoryRandomBits,
eContextArithmetic,
eContextAdvancePC,
eContextReturnFromException
};
enum InfoType {
eInfoTypeRegisterPlusOffset,
eInfoTypeRegisterPlusIndirectOffset,
eInfoTypeRegisterToRegisterPlusOffset,
eInfoTypeRegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset,
eInfoTypeRegisterRegisterOperands,
eInfoTypeOffset,
eInfoTypeRegister,
eInfoTypeImmediate,
eInfoTypeImmediateSigned,
eInfoTypeAddress,
eInfoTypeISAAndImmediate,
eInfoTypeISAAndImmediateSigned,
eInfoTypeISA,
eInfoTypeNoArgs
} InfoType;
struct Context {
ContextType type;
enum InfoType info_type;
union {
struct RegisterPlusOffset {
RegisterInfo reg; // base register
int64_t signed_offset; // signed offset added to base register
} RegisterPlusOffset;
struct RegisterPlusIndirectOffset {
RegisterInfo base_reg; // base register number
RegisterInfo offset_reg; // offset register kind
} RegisterPlusIndirectOffset;
struct RegisterToRegisterPlusOffset {
RegisterInfo data_reg; // source/target register for data
RegisterInfo base_reg; // base register for address calculation
int64_t offset; // offset for address calculation
} RegisterToRegisterPlusOffset;
struct RegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset {
RegisterInfo base_reg; // base register for address calculation
RegisterInfo offset_reg; // offset register for address calculation
RegisterInfo data_reg; // source/target register for data
} RegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset;
struct RegisterRegisterOperands {
RegisterInfo
operand1; // register containing first operand for binary op
RegisterInfo
operand2; // register containing second operand for binary op
} RegisterRegisterOperands;
int64_t signed_offset; // signed offset by which to adjust self (for
// registers only)
RegisterInfo reg; // plain register
uint64_t unsigned_immediate; // unsigned immediate value
int64_t signed_immediate; // signed immediate value
lldb::addr_t address; // direct address
struct ISAAndImmediate {
uint32_t isa;
uint32_t unsigned_data32; // immediate data
} ISAAndImmediate;
struct ISAAndImmediateSigned {
uint32_t isa;
int32_t signed_data32; // signed immediate data
} ISAAndImmediateSigned;
uint32_t isa;
} info;
Context() : type(eContextInvalid), info_type(eInfoTypeNoArgs) {}
void SetRegisterPlusOffset(RegisterInfo base_reg, int64_t signed_offset) {
info_type = eInfoTypeRegisterPlusOffset;
info.RegisterPlusOffset.reg = base_reg;
info.RegisterPlusOffset.signed_offset = signed_offset;
}
void SetRegisterPlusIndirectOffset(RegisterInfo base_reg,
RegisterInfo offset_reg) {
info_type = eInfoTypeRegisterPlusIndirectOffset;
info.RegisterPlusIndirectOffset.base_reg = base_reg;
info.RegisterPlusIndirectOffset.offset_reg = offset_reg;
}
void SetRegisterToRegisterPlusOffset(RegisterInfo data_reg,
RegisterInfo base_reg,
int64_t offset) {
info_type = eInfoTypeRegisterToRegisterPlusOffset;
info.RegisterToRegisterPlusOffset.data_reg = data_reg;
info.RegisterToRegisterPlusOffset.base_reg = base_reg;
info.RegisterToRegisterPlusOffset.offset = offset;
}
void SetRegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset(RegisterInfo base_reg,
RegisterInfo offset_reg,
RegisterInfo data_reg) {
info_type = eInfoTypeRegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset;
info.RegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset.base_reg = base_reg;
info.RegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset.offset_reg = offset_reg;
info.RegisterToRegisterPlusIndirectOffset.data_reg = data_reg;
}
void SetRegisterRegisterOperands(RegisterInfo op1_reg,
RegisterInfo op2_reg) {
info_type = eInfoTypeRegisterRegisterOperands;
info.RegisterRegisterOperands.operand1 = op1_reg;
info.RegisterRegisterOperands.operand2 = op2_reg;
}
void SetOffset(int64_t signed_offset) {
info_type = eInfoTypeOffset;
info.signed_offset = signed_offset;
}
void SetRegister(RegisterInfo reg) {
info_type = eInfoTypeRegister;
info.reg = reg;
}
void SetImmediate(uint64_t immediate) {
info_type = eInfoTypeImmediate;
info.unsigned_immediate = immediate;
}
void SetImmediateSigned(int64_t signed_immediate) {
info_type = eInfoTypeImmediateSigned;
info.signed_immediate = signed_immediate;
}
void SetAddress(lldb::addr_t address) {
info_type = eInfoTypeAddress;
info.address = address;
}
void SetISAAndImmediate(uint32_t isa, uint32_t data) {
info_type = eInfoTypeISAAndImmediate;
info.ISAAndImmediate.isa = isa;
info.ISAAndImmediate.unsigned_data32 = data;
}
void SetISAAndImmediateSigned(uint32_t isa, int32_t data) {
info_type = eInfoTypeISAAndImmediateSigned;
info.ISAAndImmediateSigned.isa = isa;
info.ISAAndImmediateSigned.signed_data32 = data;
}
void SetISA(uint32_t isa) {
info_type = eInfoTypeISA;
info.isa = isa;
}
void SetNoArgs() { info_type = eInfoTypeNoArgs; }
void Dump(Stream &s, EmulateInstruction *instruction) const;
};
typedef size_t (*ReadMemoryCallback)(EmulateInstruction *instruction,
void *baton, const Context &context,
lldb::addr_t addr, void *dst,
size_t length);
typedef size_t (*WriteMemoryCallback)(EmulateInstruction *instruction,
void *baton, const Context &context,
lldb::addr_t addr, const void *dst,
size_t length);
typedef bool (*ReadRegisterCallback)(EmulateInstruction *instruction,
void *baton,
const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
RegisterValue &reg_value);
typedef bool (*WriteRegisterCallback)(EmulateInstruction *instruction,
void *baton, const Context &context,
const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
const RegisterValue &reg_value);
// Type to represent the condition of an instruction. The UINT32 value is
// reserved for the unconditional case and all other value can be used in an
// architecture dependent way.
typedef uint32_t InstructionCondition;
static const InstructionCondition UnconditionalCondition = UINT32_MAX;
EmulateInstruction(const ArchSpec &arch);
~EmulateInstruction() override = default;
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Mandatory overrides
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
virtual bool
SupportsEmulatingInstructionsOfType(InstructionType inst_type) = 0;
virtual bool SetTargetTriple(const ArchSpec &arch) = 0;
virtual bool ReadInstruction() = 0;
virtual bool EvaluateInstruction(uint32_t evaluate_options) = 0;
virtual InstructionCondition GetInstructionCondition() {
return UnconditionalCondition;
}
virtual bool TestEmulation(Stream *out_stream, ArchSpec &arch,
OptionValueDictionary *test_data) = 0;
virtual bool GetRegisterInfo(lldb::RegisterKind reg_kind, uint32_t reg_num,
RegisterInfo &reg_info) = 0;
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Optional overrides
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
virtual bool SetInstruction(const Opcode &insn_opcode,
const Address &inst_addr, Target *target);
virtual bool CreateFunctionEntryUnwind(UnwindPlan &unwind_plan);
static const char *TranslateRegister(lldb::RegisterKind reg_kind,
uint32_t reg_num, std::string &reg_name);
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// RegisterInfo variants
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
bool ReadRegister(const RegisterInfo *reg_info, RegisterValue &reg_value);
uint64_t ReadRegisterUnsigned(const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
uint64_t fail_value, bool *success_ptr);
bool WriteRegister(const Context &context, const RegisterInfo *ref_info,
const RegisterValue &reg_value);
bool WriteRegisterUnsigned(const Context &context,
const RegisterInfo *reg_info, uint64_t reg_value);
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Register kind and number variants
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
bool ReadRegister(lldb::RegisterKind reg_kind, uint32_t reg_num,
RegisterValue &reg_value);
bool WriteRegister(const Context &context, lldb::RegisterKind reg_kind,
uint32_t reg_num, const RegisterValue &reg_value);
uint64_t ReadRegisterUnsigned(lldb::RegisterKind reg_kind, uint32_t reg_num,
uint64_t fail_value, bool *success_ptr);
bool WriteRegisterUnsigned(const Context &context,
lldb::RegisterKind reg_kind, uint32_t reg_num,
uint64_t reg_value);
size_t ReadMemory(const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr, void *dst,
size_t dst_len);
uint64_t ReadMemoryUnsigned(const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr,
size_t byte_size, uint64_t fail_value,
bool *success_ptr);
bool WriteMemory(const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr, const void *src,
size_t src_len);
bool WriteMemoryUnsigned(const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr,
uint64_t uval, size_t uval_byte_size);
uint32_t GetAddressByteSize() const { return m_arch.GetAddressByteSize(); }
lldb::ByteOrder GetByteOrder() const { return m_arch.GetByteOrder(); }
const Opcode &GetOpcode() const { return m_opcode; }
lldb::addr_t GetAddress() const { return m_addr; }
const ArchSpec &GetArchitecture() const { return m_arch; }
static size_t ReadMemoryFrame(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr,
void *dst, size_t length);
static size_t WriteMemoryFrame(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr,
const void *dst, size_t length);
static bool ReadRegisterFrame(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
RegisterValue &reg_value);
static bool WriteRegisterFrame(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const Context &context,
const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
const RegisterValue &reg_value);
static size_t ReadMemoryDefault(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr,
void *dst, size_t length);
static size_t WriteMemoryDefault(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const Context &context, lldb::addr_t addr,
const void *dst, size_t length);
static bool ReadRegisterDefault(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
RegisterValue &reg_value);
static bool WriteRegisterDefault(EmulateInstruction *instruction, void *baton,
const Context &context,
const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
const RegisterValue &reg_value);
void SetBaton(void *baton);
void SetCallbacks(ReadMemoryCallback read_mem_callback,
WriteMemoryCallback write_mem_callback,
ReadRegisterCallback read_reg_callback,
WriteRegisterCallback write_reg_callback);
void SetReadMemCallback(ReadMemoryCallback read_mem_callback);
void SetWriteMemCallback(WriteMemoryCallback write_mem_callback);
void SetReadRegCallback(ReadRegisterCallback read_reg_callback);
void SetWriteRegCallback(WriteRegisterCallback write_reg_callback);
static bool GetBestRegisterKindAndNumber(const RegisterInfo *reg_info,
lldb::RegisterKind &reg_kind,
uint32_t &reg_num);
static uint32_t GetInternalRegisterNumber(RegisterContext *reg_ctx,
const RegisterInfo &reg_info);
protected:
ArchSpec m_arch;
void *m_baton;
ReadMemoryCallback m_read_mem_callback;
WriteMemoryCallback m_write_mem_callback;
ReadRegisterCallback m_read_reg_callback;
WriteRegisterCallback m_write_reg_callback;
lldb::addr_t m_addr;
Opcode m_opcode;
private:
//------------------------------------------------------------------
// For EmulateInstruction only
//------------------------------------------------------------------
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(EmulateInstruction);
};
} // namespace lldb_private
#endif // lldb_EmulateInstruction_h_